1
Easy2Siksha
GNDU ī„¯ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž ī„¯ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ-2021
ī„ąī…„ī„— ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‚ ī„ēī„ŗī…‰ī„ēī„Ĩī„ĩ
ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩ
(ī„ŗī…‰ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ī„“ī„›ī„Žī…‚ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī„ē)
ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī„Žī„žī…†ī„ĩ: ī„Ŧī…‹ ī„žī…œī„Ĩī…‡ ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„›ī„Ēī„ŗ ī„‘ī…œī„›: 100
ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ: ī„ąī„ĩī…‚ī„ąī„ĩ ī„‘ī…œī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī…žī„Ļ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„•ī„ŗī…„ī„Ŧī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…„ ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ēī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī…‹ī…ƒī„šī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
1. ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…‡ī„ēī…„ī„‘ī„Ž ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
2. (ī„—) ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
(b) ī„ēī„ŗī……ī…žī„ ī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„°ī…œī„›ī„šī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ ī„ĩī„ ī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
3. ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…„ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„ģī…‰? ī„ī……ī„Šī„›- ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„¯ī„ĩī„ēī„¯ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī…Ĩī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¸ī…„ ī„ ī„ĩī„ ī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
4. ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¸ī…žī„œ-ī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„¯ī„ŋī…‚ī„‘ ī„›ī…„ ī„ģī„Ž? ī„Ĩī…Ĩī…‡ī„§ ī„ēī…‚ī„”ī„›ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
5. ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ē 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī…ƒī„Ēī…Ĩī„Ē ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹îĨĄ
6. 'ī„ąī…Šī„›' ī„šī„ąī„Ŧ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„šī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„™îĨĄ ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…ƒī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī…‚ī„™îĨĄ
7. ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī…„ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„ģī…‰? ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”-ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī…‹ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩ-
ī„’ī„° ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ąī…œī„­ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„°ī…ƒī„ļī„¯ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„´ī…‹ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī…„ ī„ ī„ĩī„ ī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
2
Easy2Siksha
8. ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…‚ī„, ī„•ī„Ŧī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„­ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
GNDU ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ ī„¯ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ-2021
ī„ąī…„ī„— ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‚ ī„ēī„ŗī…‰ī„ēī„Ĩī„ĩ
ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩ
(ī„ŗī…‰ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ī„“ī„›ī„Žī…‚ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī„ē)
ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī„Žī„žī…†ī„ĩ: ī„Ŧī…‹ ī„žī…œī„Ĩī…‡ ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„›ī„Ēī„ŗ ī„‘ī…œī„›: 100
ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ: ī„ąī„ĩī…‚ī„ąī„ĩ ī„‘ī…œī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī…žī„Ļ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„šī„Ž ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„•ī„ŗī…„ī„Ŧī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…„ ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ēī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī…‹ī…ƒī„šī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
1. ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…‡ī„ēī…„ī„‘ī„Ž ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ: ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…‡ī„ēī…„ī„‘ī„Ž ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ: ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„
ī„“ī„›ī„Žī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„“ī„› ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…‡ ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„Žī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…†ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„Ž, ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ Econville ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ēī…œī„Ž ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„ī„Ēī…„ī…ƒī„¸ī„­ī…„ī„’ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„˛ī„ĩ
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰: ī„œī„ĩī„ , ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩîĨĄ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„Ŧī„Ž, ī…ƒī„ŗī„ēī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‚ī„ŗ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī……ī…žī„­ī…„ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ
ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī„ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„’ī„“ī„’îĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī„” ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„“ī„ģ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„¸ī…ƒī„­ī„’-ī„°ī……ī…žī…ƒī„ļī„’, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī„” ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ,
ī„“ī„ģ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī…œī„žī„ĩī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„Žī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„”, ī…ƒī„ŗī„ēī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ŧī…žī„ēī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ī„šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„´ī…‹ī„ĸī„Žī…‚
ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„” ī…ƒī„› ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ē ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…‡ī„šī…„ī„‘ī„Ž ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚,
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī…œī„, ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī…‚ī„“ī„’îĨĄ
ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„“ 1: ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…œī„ĸī„Š - ī„ŗī…œī„!
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚, "ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī……ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…† ī„¨ī…œī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„”, ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„”
ī„
ī„­ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„žī„ĩī…†ī„ĩī„Ē ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„Žī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„“ī„ē ī„ąī…‚ī„ļī„Š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„ (AD) ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ" ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ŗī„Ēī„ļī„ą ī„ģī…‰ ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ī„’ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī„ îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„šī…‚ī„ŗī„ļ ī„ģī„Ž:
â€ĸ ī„œī„¯ī„Ēī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„œī„ĩī„  (C):ī„¯ī…ƒī„ĩī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„˛ī…‹ī„ĸī„Ž, ī„›ī…žī„¯ī„ŋī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…„ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„œī„ĩī„  (I):ī„ŗī„šī…„ī„Žī…‚ī„, ī„šī„žī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Žī„¸ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„“ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī…„ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„œī„ĩī„ ī…‡ (ī„ĸī…„):ī„Žī„ī„ĩ ī„›ī…Žī„ēī„ļ ī„ēī„›ī…†ī„ļī…‚ī„, ī„ēī„ŋī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī„ēī„¯ī„Ēī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…„ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3
Easy2Siksha
â€ĸ ī„šī……ī…žī„­ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„´ī…‚ī„Ē (NX):Econville ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ēī…ƒī„ąī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…‚ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Š ī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī…„ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„™ ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī„ģ
ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ēī…‚ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…„ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ē ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī…‚ī„“ī„’, "ī…ƒī„ĸī…œī„Žī…‚ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„™ī„Žī…‡ ī„ģī…„ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž,
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„ģ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ąī…œī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ
ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ī…‚ī„“ī„ą ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ"
ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„“ 2: ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…†ī„” ī„°ī…‚ī„ĩī„ŗī…†ī„ļī…‚
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ē ī„Žī…‡ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž (Y) ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ī„Šī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„°ī…‚ī„ĩī„ŗī…†ī„ļī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„œī…‚ī„“ī„’:
Y=C+I+G+NXY=C+I+G+NXY=C+I+G+NX
ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
â€ĸ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž (C), ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž (I), ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ
ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī…‡ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ (ī„ĸī…„), ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī……ī„ļī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„Žī…ƒī„¸ī„ļ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„´ī…‚ī„Ē (NX) ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„´ī…‚ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„˜ī„ī„ĩī…„ī„ī…‡ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„§ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī„§ ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚îĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚, "ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„§ī…‡ ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„“ī„ē ī„ī…žī„ļ
'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„˛ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī…ƒī„›ī…œī„Žī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹."
ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„“ 3: ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī…žī„ ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚
ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„Ŧī„Ž, ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī…ƒī„› ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„Žī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ąī…žī„ ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡ ī„ēī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡
ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ ī…‡ī„Ēī…‚ī„¸ī„Žī…„ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…„, "ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ąī…žī„ ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„‘ī„›ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„ ī…œī„ī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…‡ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„Žī……ī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„¯ī„ģī……ī…œī„ ī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ąī„ ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ" ī„“ī„ē
ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Ģī…Ĩī„°ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ĩī…‹ī„­ī…‚ī„˛ī…‚ī„ē ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī…‚ī„“ī„’:
ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ąī„ ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ī…‚ī„ģī„› ī„ī……ī„’ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī…ƒī„ŗī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ąī…‚ī„ī„Ĩī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„žī„Ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ąī„ ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī…ƒī„ļī„Ē ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ “ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ēī„ģī„Ēī„ŗī…œī„Ŧ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š
ī„ļī„” ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī…‹,” ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī„ļī…‚ī„ģ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…„îĨĄ
ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„“ 4: ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ – ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļī…‚ī„‘, ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‡ ī„Žī„Ēī…„ī„ĸī…‡!
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚, "ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī„šī…Ĩī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…ƒī„ŗī„Ģ $100 ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ 
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Žī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ĩī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„žī…„, ī…ƒī„ŗī„ēī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„ĸī…‹ī„Žī„ē, $100 ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī…ƒī„ģī…žī„ēī…‚
ī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ī„Žī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ī„Žī…‡ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ ī…„ī„ž 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī„ 
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ļī…ƒī„ģī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸îĨĄ"
4
Easy2Siksha
ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„ļī„” ī„°ī…‚ī„ĩī„ŗī…†ī„ļī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
ī„ī……ī„Šī„›=11−MPC\text{Multiplier} = \frac{1}{1 - MPC}ī„ī……ī„Šī„›=1−MPC1
ī…ƒī„›ī…žī„Ģī…‡:
MPC (Marginal Propensity to Consume) ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„ģī…žī„ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚, "ī…ƒī„ĸī…œī„Žī…‚ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹, ī„•ī…žī„Žī…‚ ī„ģī…„ ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‚ ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚
ī…ƒī„ĸī…œī„Žī…„ ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰."
ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„“ 5: ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž - ī„ēī„ģī…„ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī„ļī…žī„˛ī„Šī…‚
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī„Ēī…žī„› ī„¯ī„ģī……ī…œī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī„  (ī„ēī„ŗī……ī…žī„ ī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„) ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ
ī„’ī„•ī„Ĩī„¯ī……ī…žī„Ĩ (ī„ēī„ŗī……ī…žī„ ī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„”) ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ąī„ĩī…‚ī„ąī„ĩ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„ē ī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚:
AD=ASAD=ASAD=AS
ī„ēī„ĩī„ļ ī„šī„ąī„Ŧī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„ģī…‰:
â€ĸ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„›ī…‚ī…€ī…„ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī„ēī„Ĩī…‚ī„› ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„¸ī…„ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„“ī…žī„Ąī…‚ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„Ąī…žī„§ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ģī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„“ 6: ī„ąī„ ī…‚ī„‘ ī„ļī„” ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī…œī„Žī„Šī…‚ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī„šī„œī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„‘ī…ƒī„ģī„ŗ ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„ģī„ŗī„Šī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„¯ī…Šī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„“ī„ģ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰:
â€ĸ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„ĸī„Žī„Ēī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī…‹ī„ĸī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„œī„ĩī„ ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„Ąī…žī„§ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„Ĩī…‰ī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„›ī„Ĩī…ī„Ēī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ ī„›ī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ē ī„¯ī„ģī……ī…œī„  ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„Ēī…„ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚îĨĄ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„˛ī„ĩī…‹ī„ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„¸ī…‚ī„“ī„’, "ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī……ī…žī„­ī…„ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž
ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ ī„›ī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī…ī„›ī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„›ī…‡ ī„ŗī……ī„šī„›ī„ļ ī„ēī…ƒī„ŗī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„§ī…„ ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ"
ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„“ 7: ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī…ƒī„› ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„•ī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚, "ī„ĸī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ
ī„›ī…‚ī…€ī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„›ī„ĩī„ŗī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡." ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…žī„ļ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„”, ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„žī…‹ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚:
â€ĸ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī„  (C)îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ (I)îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ (ī„ĸī…„) ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚îĨĄ
ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„“ 8: ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„Žī…ƒī„¸ī„ļ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„°ī……ī…žī„ļī„Ē!
ī…ƒī„ŗī„ēī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„ļī…‚ī„ģ ī„ļī„” ī„­ī…œī„Žī„¸ī…‚ī„Ŧ, ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„Žī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī…ƒī„ļī„Ē ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Šī…‚
ī…ƒī„ēī…žī…ƒī„œī„’îĨĄ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚, ī…ƒī„žī…œī„ŗī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ąī„ ī„Ē ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Š 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„
ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„˛ī„ĩī…‹ī„ēī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„•ī…žī„  ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī…ƒī„­ī„’.
5
Easy2Siksha
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…‡ī„ēī…„ī„‘ī„Ž ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„ēī„ąī„›
ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰: ī„“ī…žī„› ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„¯ī…žī„­ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī…ƒī„ļī„Ē ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī……ī…œī„ĸī…„ ī„ģī…‰: ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ąī…žī„ ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ŗī„ļī…‡: ī„œī„ĩī„  ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ēī„ąī„Ŧī…„ī„ļī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‚ ī„‘ī„ēī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚ ī…ƒī„Žī„˛ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰: ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž, ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩ
ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…‡ī„ēī…„ī„‘ī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„‘ī„ēī„ļ-ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„˜ī„¯ī„ļī…„ī„›ī…‡ī„šī„Ž
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…‡ī„šī…„ī„‘ī„Ž ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„Žī…ƒī„¸ī„ļ ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰; ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…‡ ī„Ŧī……ī„Žī…„ī„’ ī„˛ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„’ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž:
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Žī„Ēī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī…‹ī„ĸī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ļī…‚ī„˛ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„Ŧī…‚ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„œī„ĩī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„Ĩī…‰ī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„Ĩī…‚
ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…‡ī„ēī…„ī„‘ī„Ž ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ēī„ģī„Ēī„ŗī…œī„Ŧ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„“ī…žī„›
ī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„ī„Ŧī„ĩī„šī„› ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„œī„ĩī„ , ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī„œī„ļī„‘ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ī„žī…„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī…Ĩī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„›ī…‡, ī„“ī„ģ
ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī…‹ī„›ī„Š ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„´ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„ĩī…žī„œī…‹, Econville ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„,
ī„ēī…‚ī„§ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„Ŧī…Œ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„‘ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī…ƒī„ļī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„,
ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī„œī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī„ŗī„ĩī„Ģī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„îĨĄ
2. (ī„—) ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
(b) ī„ēī„ŗī……ī…žī„ ī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„°ī…œī„›ī„šī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ ī„ĩī„ ī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ: ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„
ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ, ī„“ī„›ī„Žī…‹ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ļī„ ī„ļ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‡ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩī„¯ī„ļī…‡ī„ē ī„˛ī…‚ī„”ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„ļ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī…„, ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„ī„ĩ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ĩī…‹ī„ž ī„“ī„›ī…žī„Ļī…‡ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„Ž, ī„ģī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„ļī…‰ ī„›ī…‡îĨĄ ī„’ī„™ ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„“ī…žī„›
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĸī……ī…žī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ ī„ĩī…žī„œī…„ī„— ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī…„ī„— ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī„ē ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī…œī„Ē ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„›ī…„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„‘ī„ļī…‰ī„›ī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ąī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī……ī„’ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ĩī…‹ī„ž ī„ēī„¸ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„•ī…žī„Ļī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, 100 ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„¯ī„›ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰,
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„‘ī„ļī…‰ī„›ī„ē ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī„° ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„¯ī„›ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„Ēī…‚ī„žī…‡ ī„¯ī„›ī…‚ī„— ī„ģī…‹ī„— ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī„› ī„¯ī„ēī…œī„Ŧ ī„ģī…‰ (ī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰!) ī„•ī„ģ ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„¯ī„›ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģ
ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„ąī…‡ī„›ī„ĩī…„ ī„ļī„” ī„°ī„ļ, ī„›ī…žī„¯ī„ŋī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
6
Easy2Siksha
ī„ģī……ī„Š ī„“ī„ģ ī„›ī…‰ī„  ī„ģī…‰: ī„˜ī„ļī…‡ī„›ī„ē ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„•ī„ģ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ĸī…‡ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„ļī…‰ī„›ī„ē ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ēī…‚ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‹ī„Šī„ī…‡îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ
ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ī„ž ī„ļī…‚ī„‘ ī„’ī…€ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī…ƒī„›ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„¯ī…žī„Ąī…‡ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰: "ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„”
ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„œī……ī„Ŧ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ"
ī„’ī„™ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„“ī„ē ī„ēī…œī„›ī„ļī„¯ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„§ī…†ī…œī„žī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„§ī……ī„ąī„›ī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„— ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰.
ī„›ī„ģī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ŗī…†ī„ļ ī„ī…žī„ļī…‚ī„
ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ī„ž ī„ļī…‚ī„‘ 19ī„¸ī…„
ī„
ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„°ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī„ēī…„ī„ēī…„ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ĸī…„ī„Ž-ī„ąī…‰ī„¯ī…ƒī„Ĩī„ēī„Ĩ ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ī„’
ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ŗī…œī„Žī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž (ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„”) ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ:
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ģ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„¸ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„šī„ąī„Ŧī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ : ī„ĸī…‡ ī„‘ī„ļī…‰ī„›ī„ē ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„¯ī„›ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ (ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰), ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī…‡ī„  ī„›ī…‡ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž
ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„Ēī…Œ ī„°ī„ļ, ī„ļī……ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ēī…œī„Ŧ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„žī…„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī…žī„¯ī„ŋī…‡ ī„ŗī…œī„ī„Š (ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š) ī„Ŧī…„
ī„’ī…ƒī„ī„’ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī„ģī…‹ ī„Žī…‡ ī„Ŧī„ļī…„ī„ļ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ ī…œī„ī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‡ ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„ģī„ŗī…‡ī„šī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰: ī„ĸī…‹ ī„¸ī…„
ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī…œī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„œī„¯ī„Ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰.
ī„ēī…œī„œī…‡ī„¯ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„›ī„ģī…‹ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ž:ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„
ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž, ī„ŗī…„ī„’ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ēī…‡ī„ą ī„•ī„ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ēī…‡ī„ąī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„ŗī„Žī…‹ī„ĩī…œī„ĸī„Ž ī„ļī„”
ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„, ī„ēī„ī…Œ ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„ļī„” ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡
ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ąī…„ī„ĸ, ī„›ī…žī„¯ī„ŋī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…Œ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī…ƒī„› ī„˜ī„ļī…‡ī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„¸ī…„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ģī……ī„Š, ī„’ī„™ ī…ƒī„ąī…œī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī…„ī„—:
1. ī„ŗī…„ī„’ ī„ēī…‡ī„ą ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
2. ī„•ī„ģ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„“ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī…‡ī„  ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī„•ī„ģ ī„“ī„ē ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ (ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š) ī„ļī„” ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ēī…‡ī„ą ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„›ī…‡, ī„ŗī…„ī„’ ī„‘ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„­ī…‡ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī„  ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ģī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģī…„
ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ž ī„“ī„ē ī„ī…žī„ļ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„žī…‹ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī……ī…œī„ĸī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī…„ ī„›ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ž ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„›ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‚
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„’ī„ŗ ī„ī„ļī„Ēī„°ī…ƒī„ģī„ŗī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ŗī„ģī…žī„Ēī„¸ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ī„ž ī„ļī…‚ī„‘ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ŧī…‚ī„‘ī„¸ī…‚ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ģī„ĩ
ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„ģī„ŗī…‡ī„šī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…žī„˛ī…‡ī„ī…‚îĨĄ ī„›ī„” ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī…‡ī„ŗī…‡ī„ļ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž:
â€ĸ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„‘ī„ļī…‰ī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…„ ī„ģī…‹ī„¸ī…‡, ī„ĸī…‚ī„
â€ĸ ī„ŗī…„ī„’ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„ą ī„›ī…‚ī…€ī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ī„žī…‡ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
7
Easy2Siksha
ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ŗī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ī……ī„Šī„¸ī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī……ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„´ī…‹ī„ĸī„Ž ī„ģī…‹ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„ēī„ŗī……ī…žī„ ī…‡ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡, ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ī„ž ī„ļī…‚ī„‘ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ŗī…œī„Žī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ąī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ēī„¸ī…‰-ī„ēī„ģī…„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„›
ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„’ī„œī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ŗī„žī…‡ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…‹ī„ŋ:ī„Ĩī…‚ī„¯ī…† ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚
ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī„° ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ ī„Ĩī…‚ī„¯ī…† ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹:
â€ĸ ī„‘ī„ļī…‰ī„›ī„ē ī„ąī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ
â€ĸ ī„ŗī…„ī„’ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž
â€ĸ ī„Ĩī…‡ī„ļī„ĩ ī„Ĩī…‡ī„ļī„ĩ
ī„ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī„‘ī„›ī„Ēī…„ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰: ī„˜ī„ļī…‡ī„›ī„ē ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„¯ī„›ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ŗī…„ī„’ ī„ēī…‡ī„ą ī„•ī„ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ĩī…‡ī„ļī„ĩ ī„›ī…žī„¯ī„ŋī…‡
ī…ƒī„ēī„¸ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋī…‚ī„ ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„“ī„ē ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ ī„Ĩī…‚ī„¯ī…† ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ :
â€ĸ ī„‘ī„ļī…‰ī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„ŗī…„ī„’ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„ąī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ŗī…„ī„’ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„ą ī„Ĩī…‡ī„ļī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…žī„¯ī…ƒī„ŋī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„Ĩī…‡ī„ļī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…žī„¯ī„ŋī…‡ ī„˜ī„ļī…‡ī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„“ī„ģ ī„’ī„¯ī„ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĸī……ī…ƒī„ŋī„’ ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„œī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„œī…‡ī„Ēī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‡ ī„œī…‡ī„Ēī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ 
ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ī„ž ī„ļī…‚ī„‘ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ ī…‡ī„Ž ī…ƒī„ĩī„˜ī„›ī„šī„Ž ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰: ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„‘ī„›ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž
ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„‘ī„›ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„œī„¯ī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī…‚ī„ļī„Š ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„ļī…‹ī„ ī„Žī…‚: ī„ēī…œī„Ŧī…‡ī„ģī„¸ī…‚ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Žī„žī„ĩī…„ī„’
ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī…ƒī„› ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ī„ž ī„ļī…‚ī„‘ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ī……ī„ļī…‚ī„ąī…„ ī„Ēī„ēī„¸ī…„ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…ˆī„Ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī…ƒī„ģī„ŗī„Ē ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚îĨĄ
ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„, ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„ĸī…ī„Ž ī„ŗī…‡ī„Žī…‚ī„ĩī„§ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž, ī„Žī…‡ ī„œī…‚ī„ŗī…„ī„’ī„ ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„“ī„šī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚:
1. ī„ĸī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ąī„ ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…„ ī„ģī…‹ī„¸ī…‡ī„ī…‚?
ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī„ ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ĸī…‚ī„— ī„ąī„ ī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„°ī…‰ī„ēī„ļī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…†ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„
ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„”, ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„˜ī„ļī…‡ī„›ī„ē ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„” ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
2. ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„›ī…„?
ī„›ī„” ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…†ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š
ī„ļī„” ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„Žī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ī„¸ī…‡îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī„  ī„‘ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž (ī„ī„ļī„Ĩ):
ī„’ī„ļī…‹ī„ ī„› ī„Ŧī„ļī…„ī„ļ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ĸī…‹ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„•ī„ē ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ēī…œī„˛ī„¸ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„”, ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…„ī„’ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„ą ī„•ī„ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ąī„ĩī„ąī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ
ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‚îĨĄ
8
Easy2Siksha
ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ĩī…‡ī„› ī„’ī„Ž ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ī„ž ī„ļī…‚ī„‘
ī„‘ī…žī„ĸ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ī„ž ī„ļī…‚ī„‘ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ēī…žī„  ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩī…†ī„¯ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī…ƒī„ļī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„•ī„¯ī„´ī…‹ī„ī…„
ī„šī……ī„ĩī…†ī„’ī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„ąī…œī„Ŧī…† ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī…ƒī„ļī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„ģī……ī„Š ī„ŗī…œī„Žī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„ŗī„ģī…žī„Ēī„¸ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ģī…‰ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„“ī„ģ
ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„›ī…‹ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„, ī„ī„ļī…‹ī„ąī„ļ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„¯ī„˛ī…‹ī„ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩ
ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„¸ī…„ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…„ ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚ ī…ƒī„Žī„˛ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ž ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„ēī„ąī„›
1. ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī…ƒī„Ŧī„™:
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī„°ī……ī…žī„ļī„Ē ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ļī„” ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž
ī„Ēī…Œ ī…ƒī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„, ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„Ēī…Œ ī…ƒī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„, ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰.
2. ī„’ī„¯ī„ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĸī……ī„ŋī…‡ ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ:
ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„‘ī„›ī„Ēī…„ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ŧī…†ī…ƒī„ĸī„’ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‚ī„˛ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī…ī„›ī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī„ēī„¸ī…‰-ī„ēī……ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‡ ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ:
ī„›ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„› ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī…ƒī„ļī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„›ī…†ī„ļ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī„ģ ī„ģī„ŗī…‡ī„šī…‚ ī„ēī……ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…† ī„¨ī…œī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ŗī„žī…‡ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Žī„Ēī…‚: ī„ŗī…‰ī…ƒī„ĸī„› ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ
ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…†ī„” ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩī…†ī„¯ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī…‹. ī„ģī„ĩ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„ ī…„ī„ž ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ
ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‚ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰â€”ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„Ĩī„›ī„Ĩ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š
ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī…ƒī„ĸī…œī„Žī…„ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…†ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„™ī„Žī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī…„ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ĩī„›ī„Ĩī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ
ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ĸī…œī„Žī…‚ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‚-ī„°ī……ī…žī„ļī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„Ĩī…‚
ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ī„ž ī„ļī…‚ī„‘ ī„’ī„° ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ ī„ēī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ēī„œī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…œī„ĸī„Š ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…†ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„›ī…‡, ī„‘ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„, ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„žī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī„ļī„ ī„ļ
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„îĨĄ
ī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„›, ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„‘ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī…ƒī„ēī…žī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„ģī…‰, ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„œī„Ēī„ŗ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„îĨĄ ī„‘ī„ēī„ļ-ī„ēī…œī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ī……ī…œī„Ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ
ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ąī…žī„ ī„Ēī…‚ī„, ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„, ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī„¸ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī…ƒī„¸ī„Ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ ī„¸ī…„, ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž
ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…‡ī„‘ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„’ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ąī…ƒī„Šī„’ ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ēī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„´ī…‚ī„Ŧ
ī…ƒī„Ŧī„¸ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī…žī„› ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„› ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„ĸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„œī……ī„šī„ģī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„ĸ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
9
Easy2Siksha
(ī„ąī…„)ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī……ī…žī„ ī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ŗī„žī…‡ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„
ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī„Žī…‚ī„ŗī„› ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡, ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī…œī„Ē ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹, ī…ƒī„ĸī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚,
ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„˛ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī……ī„¯ī„Žī…‡ ī„¸ī…‡ī„œī„Šī…‚ ī„¯ī„ēī…œī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„Ŧī…‹ ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ī„šī…‚ī„ļī…„
ī„Ēī…‚ī„›ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ģī„Ž ī„ĸī…‹ ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī…œī„Ēī„ĩī„Š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„› ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ ī…„ī„ž ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰: ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„ (AD) ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ
ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” (AS)îĨĄ ī„’ī„™ ī„“ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‹ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ŗī„žī…‡ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„ĩī„ļ ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„›ī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ-ī„Ŧī„ĩ-ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Šī…„ī„—îĨĄ
ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ (AD): ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī……ī„›ī…‚ī„Žī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ
ī„˜ī„ī„ĩī…„ī„ī…‡ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„§ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī„§ ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī„›ī…žī„Ļī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī„‘ī„›ī„Ēī…„ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ģī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„ĸī…‹ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Žī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Ĩī„ĩī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„šī…‰ī…žī„° ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„ĩī…‰ī„ēī„Ĩī…‹ī„ĩī…Šī„Ĩ ī„ļī„” ī„ēī„ąī„žī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī„ēī…‚ī„ļī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„Ĩī…„ī„ ī„ĩ ī„˜ī„ŗī…‚ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ĩī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„›ī„Ēī…‚ī„ąī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…žī„¯ī„ŋī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ ī…„ī„ž ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž - ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„“ī„ģ ī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ī„Žī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„ģī…‹ī„¸ī…‡, ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„, ī„ĸī…‚ī„
ī„ģī…‡ī„‘ī„ĩī„›ī…žī„Ĩ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ - ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„ (AD) ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„•ī„§ī…„ī„› ī„›ī„ĩī…‹, ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„¸ī…„ ī„ģī…‰! AD ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„“ī„ē
ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„‘ī„›ī„Ēī…„ ī„›ī…„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž; ī„“ī„ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī„ģ ī„¸ī…„ ī„šī…‚ī„ŗī„ļ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…Œ
ī„Ēī…žī„› ī…ƒī„› ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‡ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩī…‚ī„ (ī„Ŧī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„) ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī…„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī…œī„Ŧī„ĩ ī„›ī…„ ī„ģī…‰?
AD ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ģī…žī…ƒī„ēī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ąī…ƒī„Šī„’ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ĩī……ī„›ī…ƒī„ŋī„’ī„ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‚ ī„¯ī…„ī„žī…‚:
1. ī„œī„¯ī„Ē (C):ī„ĸī…‹ ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„ļī„” ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
2. ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š (I):ī„›ī…„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ŗī„šī…„ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„°ī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
3. ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„œī„ĩī„ ī…‡ (ī„ĸī…„):ī„ŗī…‡ī„‘ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī…†ī„ļī…‚ī„, ī„ēī„ŋī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…„ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
4. ī„šī……ī…žī„­ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„´ī…‚ī„Ē (NX):ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‡ ī„›ī„ēī…ƒī„ąī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ (ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„´ī…‚ī„Ē) ī„ĸī…‹ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ąī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī…Œ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„Ž (ī„’ī„´ī…‚ī„Ē) ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„›ī…žī„Ļī…‡ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„ļī„” ī„°ī…‚ī„ĩī„ŗī…†ī„ļī…‚ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„œī…‚ī„” ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
AD=C+I+G+(X−M)
ī…ƒī„ĸī…žī„Ģī…‡ X ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„´ī…‚ī„Ē ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ M ī„’ī„´ī…‚ī„Ē ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„šī„œī„ēī…„ī„‘ī„Ē
AD ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļī„Šī…‚ ī„¯ī„ēī…œī„Ŧ ī„ģī…‰! ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
? ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„’ī„Ŧī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī„ŗī…‡ī„šī…‚
ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„ģī„Ž ī„ĸī…‹ AD ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī„Š ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ēī……ī…œī„ī„ŋī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž:
1. ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž: ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„°ī…Šī„ēī…„ ī„Ĩī„ĩī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī…‡ī„ī…‚, ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ AD.
ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„•ī„ģ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„” ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ AD ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ ī„›ī…‡, ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧ ī„Ąī…žī„§ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
10
Easy2Siksha
2. ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„: ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„ēī„ēī„Ēī…‡ (ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„) ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„žī„ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„
ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, AD ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī……ī„ļī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
3. ī„Ĩī…‰ī„›ī„ē: ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ĩī…‰ī„›ī„ē ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡
ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„—.ī„§ī…„.
4. ī„•ī„ŗī…„ī„Ŧs: ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„˛ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„’ī„šī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…†ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„‘ī…žī„ĸ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„ĸī…‡ ī„•ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ ī…œī„Ēī„Ē ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„œī„ĩī„ ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ĸī…‚ī„— ī„ąī„ ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž.
ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī…‹ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” (AS):ī„Ĩī…‚ī„–ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„ŗī…‚ī„Ēī…‚
ī„’ī„™ ī„ģī……ī„Š ī„˜ī„ī„ĩī…„ī„ī…‡ī„Ĩ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī…„ī„—, ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ī„›ī„ĒîĨĄ AS ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Š ī„ļī„”:
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„ĸī…‹ ī„›ī„Šī„› ī„•ī„ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„šī…‰ī…žī„° ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ ī„ēī……ī„’ī„Ŧī…„ ī„˛ī…‹ī„ĸī„Ž ī„¯ī„›ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„‘ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„¯ī„› ī„˜ī„ŗī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…ƒī„Ŧī„’ī„ĩī„Ģī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī„ŋī…§ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„•ī„ģ ī„ēī„˛ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” (AS)
ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‹ ī„¯ī…‚ī„ēī…‡
AS ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‹ ī…ƒī„ ī„ģī„ĩī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…„ī„ŗī…‚ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„˛ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
1. ī„šī…‚ī„ĩī„Ĩ-ī„ĩī„Ž ī„˜ī„ī„ĩī…„ī„ī…‡ī„Ĩ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” (SRAS): ī„“ī„ģ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„Ģī…‹ī„ŋī…§ī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„ģī…€ī…ƒī„Ēī„’ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī„ģī…„ī…ƒī„Žī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ îĨĄ ī„›ī„Ŧī…‡-ī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ī„”
ī„
, ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī„žī…œī„Ĩī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„›ī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„
ī„‘ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„” ī„›ī„ĩī„ŗī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī……ī„›ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„›ī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
2. ī„ļī…œī„ąī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„ŗī……ī…žī„ ī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” (LRAS):ī„“ī„ģ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„ļī…œī„ąī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ
ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„Ē (ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„žī„ŗī…„ī„Ž, ī„ŗī„žī„Ŧī…†ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī„šī…„ī„Žī…‚ī„) ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī……ī„šī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī„ŗī„ĩī…žī„Ģī…‚ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī…‹îĨĄ
ī„ēī„ŗī……ī…žī„ ī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„›ī…„ ī„’ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ?
AS ī„“ī„ē ī„ī…žī„ļ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„˛ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„°ī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„, ī„œī…‡ī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ŗī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī…œī„Žī…‚ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ģī„Ž:
1. ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„Ē ī„•ī„¯ī„ļī„ąī„­ī„Ēī…‚: ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…‚ī„ŗī…‡ ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ ī„ļī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ AS ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
2. ī„Ēī„›ī„Žī…‚ī„ļī…‹ī„ĸī…„:ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„ĸī…‹ī„‘ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Žī„¸ī…„
ī„
ī„ŗī„šī…„ī„Ž ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ąī…„ī„ĸ ī„ąī…„ī„ĸī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ AS
ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„ī„Ēī…‚ī„: ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„”
ī„
ī„­ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„žī„Ĩī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…†ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž
ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ēī„ēī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ AS ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
11
Easy2Siksha
4. ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„: ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…‡ī„‘ī„ĩ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„Ĩī…‰ī„›ī„ē ī„›ī„Ĩī…ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¯ī…‡ī„šī„›ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ AS
ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
AD ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ AS ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…† ī„“ī„›ī…žī„Ļī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚
ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‡ ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ ī„˜ī„ī„ĩī…„ī„ī…‡ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„§ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī„§ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˜ī„ī„ĩī…„ī„ī…‡ī„Ĩ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‹
ī„ŗī„ģī…žī„Ēī„¸ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ī…žī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„°ī…‰ī„ēī„ļī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž:
1. ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„’ī„•ī„Ĩī„¯ī……ī…žī„Ĩ (ī„ŗī…‚ī„ļ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„):ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī…ƒī„›ī…œī„Žī…‚ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī…‡ī„ī…‚îĨĄ
2. ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…žī„­ī„ĩ:ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„ēī„ēī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī…‹ī„Šī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…„ī„’ī„îĨĄ
ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī„ļī…žī„˛ī„Šī…‚: ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž
AD ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ AS ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…†ī„” ī…ƒī„ąī…œī„Ŧī…† 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„•ī„ģ ī„Ģī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„ĸī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›
ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„•ī„ģ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗ ī…ƒī„ĸī…œī„Žī…„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ AD AS ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ļī…‰ ī„›ī…‡ ī„ļī„ŋī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž (ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”)îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ AS AD ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Žī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī„Š ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„žī„Ĩī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž (ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„¯ī„Š)îĨĄ
AD-AS ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ: ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Žī„›ī„šī…‚
ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Š ī„ļī„” AD-AS ī„ī…Ĩī…‚ī„° ī„Žī…‚ī„ŗī„› ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Žī„›ī„šī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚
ī„¯ī„ēī…œī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„ī…Ĩī…‚ī„° ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
1. ī„˜ī„›ī„ē-ī„˜ī„›ī…ƒī„ēī„ē:ī„‘ī„ēī„ļ ī„ĸī…„ī„§ī…„ī„¯ī…„ (ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ļ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„)îĨĄ
2. Y- ī„­ī……ī„ĩī…‚: ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…žī„­ī„ĩ (ī…ƒī„›ī…œī„Žī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„ģī„Ž)îĨĄ
3. ī„¸ī„›ī„ĩ:AD ī„›ī„ĩī„¸ ī„ģī…‡ī„Ļī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¨ī„ļī…‚ī„Ž ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ AS ī„›ī„ĩī„¸ ī„•ī…žī„¯ī„ĩ ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„¨ī„ļī…‚ī„Ž ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
AD ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ AS ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī…ƒī„¸ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž
ī„’ī„™ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„ŗī„žī…‡ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…Ĩī„šī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Žī„žī„ĩ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„—:
1. ī„°ī…‰ī„ēī„Ĩī…„ī„¸ī„ļ ī„ąī…†ī„ŗ:
ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„Ēī„•ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž, ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„—.ī„§ī…„. ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž,
ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„™ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ĩī…‚ī„”ī„ŗ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
2. ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Žī„¸ī…„
ī„
ī„ŗī„šī…„ī„Ž:
ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„ĸī…‹ī„‘ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī……ī„¯ī„ĩ-ī„›ī……ī„šī„ļ ī„Ĩī„ĩī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ AS ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ
ī„ļī…‚ī„ī„Ē 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„Šī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„ļī„” ī„ēī…‚ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„ēī„ēī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ĩī…‰ī„›ī„ē ī„›ī„Ĩī…ī„Ēī…„:
ī„ŗī…‡ī„‘ī„ĩ ī„Ĩī…‰ī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„›ī„Ĩī…ī„Ēī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„Ž, ī„—.ī„§ī…„. ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī…„ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ AS ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
12
Easy2Siksha
ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ ī……ī„Šī…ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„
ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī…ˆ AD ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ AS ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļ ī„›ī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī„” ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ ī……ī„Šī…ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„ģī„ŗī„Šī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„¯ī…Šī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
1. ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„: ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ī……ī„’ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ AD ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
2. ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”:ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ AD ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ (ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĸī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž), ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„
ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
3. ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„ēī„Ŧī„ŗī…‚:ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī…‹ī„›ī…‚ ī„¯ī…Šī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„ĸī…‹ ī„›ī„Šī„› ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī…‚ī„šī„Ē ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚, AS ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„ēī„ąī„›
1. ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī„›ī……ī…œī„ĸī…„ ī„ģī…‰:ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī„•ī„Ŧī…Œ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ AD ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ AS ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī…ƒī„ļī„Ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
2. ī„ļī„ ī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰: ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„›ī…†ī„ļ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„ ī……ī„Šī…ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„
ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ąī„ģī„Ēī„ĩ ī„¨ī…œī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„Žī…ƒī„ĸī…žī„Ļ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚: ī„Ĩī…‰ī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š
ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī…‡ī„‘ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…„ ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„Ĩī…‚
ī„˜ī„ī„ĩī…„ī„ī…‡ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„§ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī„§ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˜ī„ī„ĩī…„ī„ī…‡ī„Ĩ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‹ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…†ī„’ī„ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ĸī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī„”ī„›ī…‹ī„ļī…Šī„§ ī„Ŧī…„
ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„’ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„“ī„›ī…žī„Ļī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ AD ī„“ī„ē ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„›ī…„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž,
ī„ĸī„Ŧī…ƒī„› AS ī„“ī„ē ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī…„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗ ī„›ī…‡ ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„¯ī„ĩī„ēī„¯ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸
ī„¯ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„‘-ī„ ī„ŋī…§ī…‚ī„‘ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Šī…‚ ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„œ
ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„îĨĄ
EcoLand ī„Ŧī…„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„œī„Š ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī…‚ī„§ī…„ ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„ēī…œī…ƒī„œī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡
ī„ģī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰â€”ī„“ī„ģ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩī…‹ī„žī…‚ī„Žī…‚ ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ģī……ī„Š, ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„¸ī…„ ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
AD ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ AS ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī…‹, EcoLand ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„‘ī„ēī„Ē ī„ī„ļī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ēī„¸ī…„ī„ĩ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„™ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ŧī…‹ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„Ēī…‚ī„›ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ī…†ī…œī„ĸī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š
ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļ ī„›ī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž!
3. ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…„ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„ģī…‰? ī„ī……ī„Šī„›- ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„¯ī„ĩī„ēī„¯ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī…Ĩī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¸ī…„ ī„ ī„ĩī„ ī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ: ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī„ļī„Ĩī…„ī„¯ī„ļī…‡ī„‘ī„ĩ-ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„“ī…œī„Ĩī„ĩī„˜ī„›ī„šī„Ž: ī„ŗī…‰ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ī„“ī„›ī„Žī…‚ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Š ī„ļī„”
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ŗī„žī…‡ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„
ī„“ī„›ī…‚ī„Žī„ŗī…„ ī„Ĩī…‚ī„–ī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī„  ī„“ī„› ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩâ€Ļ
ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī„Ĩī…‚ī„–ī„Ž ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī…œī„Ē ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„ēī…„, ī…ƒī„ĸī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„œī……ī„šī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„Ž, ī„Ŧī…ī„ļī„Ē
ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„“ī„›ī…žī„Ļī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…† ī„Ŧī…‹ ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī…‡ī„š ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ēī…œī„ ī…‚ī…ƒī„ļī„Ē ī„ēī…„:
13
Easy2Siksha
ī„ŗī„ļī„Ĩī…„ī„¯ī„ļī…‡ī„‘ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„˜ī„ŗī…„îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ŧī…‹ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„ēī„˛ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ ī…œī„ī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‹ī„ēī„Ē ī„ēī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ 
ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„¯ī„ēī…œī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…† ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚?
ī„˜ī„›ī„Ĩ 1: ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī…‹
ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„›:
ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„› ī„Žī…†ī…œ "ī„“ī„Žī„›ī„ŗ ī„ąī…†ī„ēī„Ĩī„ĩ" ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī„ĸī…‚ī…ƒī„Šī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„¸ī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„›
ī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī…ƒī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„•ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„ģī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ĩī……ī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ - ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ŧī……ī„›ī…‚ī„Ž ī„Ēī…Œ ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…„ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī„´ī…‚ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ģī…‰, ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„”, ī„ĸī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ēī…„ ī„ēī…‚ī„”ī„›ī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰,
ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…‚ī„”ī„›ī„ļ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‡ ī„Žī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„—, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„•ī„ģ ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ ī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ī„Žī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ ī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ī„Žī…‡ ī„Žī…‡
ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ ī„•ī„ē ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„›ī„ĩī„ŗī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„˛ī……ī„ī„Ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„, ī„’ī…ƒī„ŦîĨĄ ī„œī„ĩī„ ī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ēī„ĩī…œī„
ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„ŗī„ļī„Ĩī…„ī„¯ī„ļī…‡ī„‘ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„› ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī……ī„¯ī„ĩī„¯ī…‚ī„¸ī„ĩ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„˜ī„ŗī…„:
ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‡ ī„¯ī…‚ī„ēī…‡, ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ŗī…ī…ƒī„›ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„œī…‹ī„ĸ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī……ī„Žī„ĩ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„’ī„Ŧī„ĩī„š ī„ēī…„: "ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„Ž, ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰!" ī„ĸī…‡ ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„”ī„›ī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Šī…‡ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„ēī…‚ī„”ī„›ī„ļ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„ŗī…‚ī„Ēī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„°ī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š, ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ŗī„žī„Ŧī…†ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„›ī„ĩī…‚ī„— 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‰ī„Š ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ
ī„›ī…žī„ ī…‚ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„›ī„ģī…‡ī„ī…„îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ēī…‡ī„ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„›ī…‚ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…† ī„Žī…‡ ī„œī…‚ī„ē ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī…œī„Žī„Šī…‚ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī„ŗī…œī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī„Š ī„ļī„”
ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
ī„˜ī„›ī„Ĩ 2: ī„¯ī„ĩī„ēī„¯ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„
ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„Ŧī„Ž, ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„œī…‹ī„ĸ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„•ī„ģ ī„“ī„›ī…žī„Ļī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī„•ī„Ąī…‚ī„ļ
ī„ąī„Šī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž! ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
1. ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ 1:ī„ŗī„ļī„Ĩī…„ī„¯ī„ļī…‡ī„‘ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„› ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ŗī…œī„Ž ī„ļī„™ ī…ƒī„› ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Žī…‡ ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī…žī„›
ī„Žī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„°ī…‰ī„ēī„ļī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…‹ī„ĸī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩ ī„ļī„” ī„›ī…‚ī„ŗī…‡ ī„ĩī…žī„œī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī„žī„Ŧī…†ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡
ī„•ī„ĸī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…‚ī„ēī„ļ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„› ī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ģ
ī„ēī……ī…ƒī„Žī„šī…ƒī„ ī„Ē ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī„ģ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…†ī„’ī„Ēī…„ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„œī„ĩī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļ ī…ƒī„ī„’, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ēī„ŗī……ī…žī„ ī…„ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’îĨĄ
2. ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ 2:ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„ēī„Ĩī…‰ī„¯ī„ē ī„“ī„Ž ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ēī…„,
ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„•ī…žī„  ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ŧī…‡ī…ƒī„œī„’îĨĄ ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ē ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…‚
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„Žī„¸ī…„
ī„
ī„ŗī„šī…„ī„Žī„ĩī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž, ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„°ī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī„›ī…‚ī…ƒī„ŗī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī……ī„›ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ
3. ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ 3:ī„•ī„ģ ī„“ī„›ī…žī„Ļī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ (ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„­ī…œī„Žī„¸ī…‚ī„Ŧ),
ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī…„ī„’ī„, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„¸ī…„ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī…ƒī„ī„’îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ
ī„Ŧī……ī„ģī„ĩī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī…ƒī„ī„’, ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„› ī„Žī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ēī…‡ī„ž ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ē ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ī„šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„˛ī…‚ī„”ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ļī…ƒī„ģī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„, ī„›ī„Ŧī…‡-ī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„“ī…œī„Žī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ŗī„žī„ąī…†ī„Ē ī…ƒī„› ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›
ī„Ĩī…‚ī„–ī„Ž ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī…‹ī…ƒī„›ī„’ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ĸī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚!
14
Easy2Siksha
ī„˜ī„›ī„Ĩ 3:ī„ī……ī„Šī„›-ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī…„ī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„“ī…œī„Ĩī„ĩī„˜ī„›ī„šī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚
ī„’ī„™ ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī„šī„ąī„Ŧī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…œī„§ī…„ī„—:
1. ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸:
o ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…†ī„’ī„Ēī…„ ī„œī„ĩī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ (ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„œī„ĩī„ , ī„œī„¯ī„Ēī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„œī„ĩī„ , ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„´ī…‚ī„Ē) ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ 
ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‚ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ĩī…‚ī„šī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‚ ī„ēī„ŗī……ī…žī„ ī…‚ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‚ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
o ī„“ī„ē ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„’ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„œī„¯ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī…„ī„ŗī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„¯ī…Ĩī…ƒī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ (MPC) 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„˛ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹
ī…ƒī„› ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„•ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ģī…žī„ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ąī…žī„ ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ĸī…‚ī„— ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„”, ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‚ 80% ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ī……ī„Šī„›
ī„•ī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‚ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„•ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ 50% ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
2. ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸:
o ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…†ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ļ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š
ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„ēī„ŗī„ĩī…žī„Ģī…‚ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ
ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„Žī„¸ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„°ī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„•ī„¯ī„›ī„ĩī„Š ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Šī…‚îĨĄ
o ī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„›, ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„ēī„˛ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī„­ī…„ī„’ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„
ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„•ī„ŗī…„ī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
3. ī„¯ī„ĩī„ēī„¯ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī…Ĩī„’:
o ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„“ī„›ī…žī„Ļī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„ŗī„žī„ąī…†ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Š ī„ļī„”:
â–Ē ī„œī„ĩī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…‚ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‚ (ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„­ī…œī„Žī„¸ī…‚ī„Ŧ) ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…†ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â–Ē ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Žī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„ (ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸) ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„“ī„ē ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĸī„¸ī…‚ī„ą ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž,
ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â–Ē ī„Žī„¸ī…„
ī„
ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ž, ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ŧī……ī„ģī„ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„—, ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„œī„ĩī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„œī„ŋī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
o ī„“ī„ģ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„Ēī…‡ī„ž ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„‘ī„ī„¸ī…‚ī„” ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„“ī„ģ ī„‘ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„¸ī…„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„‘ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ī„žī…‚ ī„ļī„ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē
ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī…‚ī„‘ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„žī…‚ī„Ĩī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„ģī„ŗī„Šī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī…†ī„ŗ-ī„˜ī„ī„§-ī„ąī„ēī„Ĩ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„‘ī„ī„¸ī…‚ī„” ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„˜ī„›ī„Ĩ 4: ī„ĩī…„ī„‘ī„ļ-ī„¸ī„ĩī„ļī„§ ī„˜ī„¯ī„ļī…„ī„›ī…‡ī„šī„Ž
ī„ī……ī„Šī„›-ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„¯ī„ĩī„ēī„¯ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Žī…‚ī„:
1. ī„ĸī…œī„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ąī…‚ī„‘ī„Ŧ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī……ī„Žī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„ŗī…‚ī„Š:ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī„¸ ī„´ī……ī…žī„­ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ąī…‚ī„‘ī„Ŧ, ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ
ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„˛ī„¸ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ ī„ąī……ī…ƒī„Žī„’ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¨ī…‚ī„ī„ ī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī……ī„ŋ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„ŗī…‚ī„Š 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„œī„ĩī„ ī…‡ ī„Žī…‡
15
Easy2Siksha
ī„šī……ī„ĩī…†ī„’ī„Ēī…„ ī„ąī…†ī„ēī„Ĩ (ī„ŗī„ļī„Ĩī…„ī„¯ī„ļī…‡ī„‘ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„›) ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„Žī„¸ī…ˆ ī„•ī„Ŧī„´ī…‹ī„ī…‚ī„
(ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„˜ī„ŗī…„) ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„˛ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„›ī…‡ ī„ĸī„¸ī…‚ī„ą ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ
2. ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī„ģ ī„¯ī…‰ī„›ī…‡ī„ĸ:ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„›ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž, ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī……ī„ļī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„ļī„”
ī„•ī„Ēī…‡ī„ĸī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„›ī…‡ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„”, 2008 ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ī„ļī…‹ī„ąī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž, ī„Ŧī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„
ī„Žī…‡ ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‡ ī„ąī……ī…ƒī„Žī„’ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¨ī…‚ī„ī„ ī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…‹ī„ĸī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„Žī…‡ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„¸ī…ƒī„­ī„’îĨĄ
ī„˜ī„›ī„Ĩ 5: ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ēī„ąī„›
1. ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī„›ī……ī…œī„ĸī…„ ī„ģī…‰:ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī…ƒī„› ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…† ī„ąī„Šī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī…ƒī„ļī„Ē
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ēī…Œ ī…ƒī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‡ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„˛ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„ēī„ŗī…žī…ƒī„ēī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ąī„Š
ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰:
o ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š (ī„˜ī„ŗī…„) ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„, ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ (ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„›) ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī…ƒī„°ī…žī„›ī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ ī„ĸī…‚ī„¸ī…‡ī„ī…‚îĨĄ
o ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋī…„
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‡ (ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„›) ī„Ēī…Œ ī…ƒī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„, ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„›ī…‚ī…€ī…„ ī„˛ī„ĩī…‹ī„ēī…‚
ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…†ī„ē ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ (ī„˜ī„ŗī…„)îĨĄ
2. ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸: ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„ŗī…‚ī„Ēī…‚ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„‘ī„ī„¸ī…‚ī„” ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„ī……ī„Šī„›-
ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī…„ī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„¯ī„ĩī„ēī„¯ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„”, ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž, ī„•ī„ģ
ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ ī…‚ī„ļī…† ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„˜ī„›ī„Ĩ 6: ī„‘ī„ēī„ļ ī„ēī…œī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ ī……ī„Šī…ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„
ī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„› ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ĸī…‚ī„¯ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„‘ī„ēī„ļ-ī„ēī…œī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„˜ī„¯ī„ļī…„ī„›ī…‡ī„šī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ
ī„ ī……ī„Šī…ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž:
1. ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„:
o ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„°ī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…‚ī„ž-ī„ēī…‚ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ
ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ī„Š ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ĩī„ąī…‚ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
2. ī„œī„¯ī„Ēī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩ:
o ī„ĸī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ĸī…‚ī„— ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ąī„ ī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„°ī…‰ī„ēī„ļī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸
ī„›ī„ŗī„žī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩī„Ēī…‚:
o ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„’ī„šī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„¸ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„ŗī…‚ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›
ī„ąī……ī„ļī„ąī……ī„ļī…‡ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ąī…‚ī„‘ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„°ī„Ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
16
Easy2Siksha
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„œī……ī„šī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„‘ī…œī„Ē?
ī„“ī„›ī„Žī…‚ī„ŗī…„ ī„Ĩī…‚ī„–ī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī„ , ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„“ī„›ī…žī„Ļī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī…ƒī„ēī…žī…ƒī„œī„’îĨĄ ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‡ī„Ēī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„
ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ēī…‚ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„Žī…„ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„¸ī„› ī„´ī…‹ī„ĸī„Žī…‚ī„ąī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„°ī…„ī„§ī„ąī…‰ī„› ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ, ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„ĩī……ī„›ī…‚ī„¸ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē
ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„“ī„’îĨĄ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī„œī……ī„šī„ģī…‚ī„ļ ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„˛ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī„ģī…žī„Ēī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ēī…žī…ƒī„œī„’îĨĄ
ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„Ĩī…‡ī„›ī„‘ī„¸ī…‡ī„ž
1. ī„ī……ī„Šī„›:
o ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…„ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…†ī„’ī„Ēī…„ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‚ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī„ī„Ēī…„ī…ƒī„¸ī„­ī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‚ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‚
ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
o ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„’ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„“ī„ē ī„ī…žī„ļ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„˛ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ąī…žī„ ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī……ī„›ī…‚ī„ąī„ļī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī…œī„Žī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī„ 
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
2. ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ:
o ī„•ī…žī„  ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ģī……ī„ļī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
o ī„“ī„ģ ī„˛ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„•ī„ŗī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„˛ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī„¯ī„ĩī„ēī„¯ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸:
o ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ĸī…‹ī…ƒī„ŋī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ī„šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ
ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
o ī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„›, ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī„‘ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ąī„ ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„ąī…œī…ƒī„­ī„Ē ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Šī…‚
ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ŗī…‰ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ī„“ī„›ī„Žī…‚ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ĩī…„ī„ŗ ī„¸ī„ĩī„› ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļ ī„›ī…‡, ī„‘ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„•ī„ŗī…„ī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„› ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„
ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„šī„Ĩ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…‚ī„¯ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ļī„” ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„¸ī…„ ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…‚ī„”ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„˜ī„ŗī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„´ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„ĩī…žī„œī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„ģī…žī„Ģ-ī„ģī…žī„Ģ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡ ī„ģī…‹!
4. ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¸ī…žī„œ-ī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„¯ī„ŋī…‚ī„‘ ī„›ī…„ ī„ģī„Ž? ī„Ĩī…Ĩī…‡ī„§ ī„ēī…‚ī„”ī„›ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ: ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„
ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„œī……ī„šī„ģī…‚ī„ļ ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„žī…œī„Ŧī„ī…„ ī„ĩī……ī…žī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„¸ī…žī„œ-ī„¸ī…žī„œ
ī„¯ī„ŋī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„ļī…œī„žī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„›ī„” ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī„ģ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ī…†ī…œī„ĸī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„›ī„” ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹
ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ąī„ ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ēī„ąī„Ŧī…„ī„ļī…„ī„’ī„
ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…‚ī„¯ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„ēī…‚ī„§ī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„‘-ī„ ī„ŋī…§ī…‚ī„‘îĨĄ ī„’ī„™ ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„›
17
Easy2Siksha
ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¯ī„ŋī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„§ī……ī„ąī„›ī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„— ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„ī„” ī…ƒī„Ŧī„ļī„ ī„ēī„¯ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„Ŧī…„
ī„¯ī„ŋī„ ī…‹ī„ļ ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„—îĨĄ
ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¯ī„ŋī…‚ī„‘:ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī…ī„ēī„ŗ
ī„ēī…‚ī„§ī…‡ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ "ī„ĩī……ī…žī„Ēī…‚ī„" ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„’ī„™ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī…„ī„—:
1. ī„ąī…†ī„ŗ:ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ēī…œī„Ē
â€ĸ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„œī……ī„š ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„‘ī„ēī„Ē ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…†ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„›ī…œī„¯ī„Žī…„ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Žī„¸ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„°ī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„›ī…‚ī…ƒī„ŗī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī……ī„›ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„ŗī……ī„›ī…‚ī„ąī„ļī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ģī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„¯ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„­ī……ī…žī„¯ ī„°ī„ēī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī……ī…žī„› ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„ēī„ŗī…žī…ƒī„ēī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„°ī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ ī…žī„ļ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‚ī„ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„­ī„Šī…„ī„’ī„ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„ĸī„ļī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…„, ī„ąī…†ī„ŗ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ģī…‰.
2. ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„: ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¯ī„Ēī„Ŗī„ŋ
â€ĸ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ļī…œ ī„¨ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī…‹ī„Š ī„ļī…žī„ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…†ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„ļī„’ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„°ī…‰ī„ļī„Šī…‚ ī„ąī…œī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī„Ĩī…ī„Ēī…„ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„›ī…‚ī„ŗī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ī……ī„’ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„˛ī„ĩī…‹ī„ēī…‚ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ŗī……ī„Žī…‚ī…€ī…‚ ī„ēī……ī…œī„ī„ŋ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„žī„ąī„ĩī…‚ī„ģī„Ĩ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…†ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī…žī„ ī„¯ī…Šī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„œī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī…ƒī„§ī…žī„ī„Š ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‡ ī„¯ī…žī…ƒī„Ēī„’ī„ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ģī…‰â€”ī„ēī„˛ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„šī„œī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„Ēī„’ī„ĩī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„—îĨĄ
3. ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ēī…„: ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„ĩī„Ŧī…„
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī„˛ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„šī„œī…‚ ī„¯ī„ŋī…‚ī„‘ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ąī…œī„Ŧ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ī„— ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„¸ī…„ ī„Ģī…‹ī„ŋī…‚ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„•ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī„ ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„›ī„ŋī…‚ī„›ī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„Ļī…œ ī„§ī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ž ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…†ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„´ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„ĩī…žī„œī…‹, ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…Œ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī…ƒī„› ī„ēī„˛ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„Ļī…œ ī„§ī…„ ī„ēī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī…„ ī„’ī„œī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„œī„Ēī„ŗ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰!
4. ī…ƒī„ĩī„›ī„¸ī„ĩī…„:ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ī„ĩī„ŗī…„
18
Easy2Siksha
â€ĸ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„-ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„, ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī……ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ģī…‹ī„Šī…‚ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī……ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„œī……ī…žī„ļī…§ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„›ī…œī„ŗ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…‚ī„¯ī„ē ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž.
â€ĸ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„’ī„ēī„¸ī…œī„Ŧ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…†ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī……ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„Žī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ĩī…‰ī„›ī„Žī…‚ī„ļī…‹ī„ĸī…„ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī……ī„ŋ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…‚ī„¯ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¸ī„­ī„Š-ī„°ī……ī…žī„ļī„Š ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„œī……ī„šī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„¸ī…‚ī„¯ī„ē ī„’ī„•ī„Š 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…†ī„ĩī„ĸ ī„ ī„ŗī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„, ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī……ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĩī„›ī„¸ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ąī…†ī„ŗ ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī……ī„ģī„ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ēī…‚ī„”ī„›ī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ: ī„ēī…ƒī„¸ī…œī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„•ī„Ąī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„ēī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩī…„
ī„ģī……ī„Š, ī„’ī„™ ī„ĸī…ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„—, ī„“ī…žī„› ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ē ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„›
ī„¸ī„­ī…„ī„’ ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„›ī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„œī…‡ī„§ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ŗī…†ī„ļī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ąī…žī„ ī…‡ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„›ī„” ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ
ī„Ŗī…†ī„ļī…‚ ī„•ī…žī„ ī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„¯ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‡ ī„¯ī…‚ī„ēī…‡ ī„ŗī……ī„ŋ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…žī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›
ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„§ī…žī„ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ
1. ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ī……ī„Šī„›-ī„˜ī„›ī„ēī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„“ī…œī„Ĩī„ĩī„˜ī„›ī„šī„Ž
o ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„ē ī„Ēī…‚ī„›ī„Ē ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī…‹ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ēī…ƒī„¸ī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„­ī…žī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
o ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Žī„¸ī…ˆ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…‹ī„ĸī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„, ī„’ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Žī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ
ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ - ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…‚ ī„­ī…žī„›ī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…„
ī„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ąī„Šī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
o ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ģī„ŗī…‡ī„šī…‚ ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡îĨĄ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„•ī„ģ ī„›ī…‚ī…€ī…„ ī„ąī„Š ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„
ī„•ī„ģ ī„ĩī……ī„› ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…ƒī„¸ī…œī„ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹ī„Šī…‚ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
2. ī„Ąī…žī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„°ī„ĩī„š
o ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ŧī…žī„ēī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„Ąī…žī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„°ī„ĩī„š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„› ī„ēī…ƒī„¸ī…œī„ ī„ģī„ŗī…‡ī„šī…‚ ī„ļī„”
ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ ī„ļī„Ŧī…„îĨĄ
o ī„Ąī…žī„Ē: ī„•ī„Ąī…‚ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž, ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„ēī…„ī„ŗī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī…‚ī„ŗī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…žī„ ī…‡
ī„ŗī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„ēī„ĩī…‹ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„žī…‚ī„Ĩ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰.
o ī„ŗī…œī…ƒī„žī„ļ:ī…ƒī„§ī„¯ī„ĩī…‰ī„šī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž, ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ąī…‡ī„‘ī…œī„Ē ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī„š ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„‘ī„ĸī…‡ ī„¸ī…„ ī„˛ī…‹ī„ĸī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ēī„ĩī…‚ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„žī„ĩī…†ī„ĩī…„ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„‘ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ
ī„¯ī…žī„­ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„Ŧī…‚ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„§ī…žī„ī„Š ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ĩī…‹ī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī…ƒī„ī…žī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹ī„” ī„™ī„ēī…„ī„ļī…‡ī„šī„Ž
o ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī…ƒī„› ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…ƒī„¸ī…œī„ ī„ģī„ŗī…‡ī„šī…‚ ī„ļī„” ī„ĸī…œī„ī„ļī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚. ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ, ī„•ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„‘-ī„ ī„ŋī…§ī…‚ī„‘ ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī„Ŗī…†ī„ļī…‡ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„’ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„Ž.
19
Easy2Siksha
o ī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„›, ī„Žī„¸ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ēī…‚ī„›ī„Ēī…‚ī„ (ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„Ēī„›ī„Žī…„ī„›ī…„ ī„›ī…‚ī„¨ī…‚ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„) ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī……ī„ŋ
ī„ ī…‚ī„ļī…† ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„—, ī„ēī…ƒī„¸ī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ēī…‚ī„žī…‚ ī„­ī…žī„›ī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
ī„ ī„ļī…‹ ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„˜ī„›ī„šī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ŧī…‡ī„œī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„œī……ī„šī„ģī…‚ī„ļ ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī……ī„ŋ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„—îĨĄ
ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ 1: ī„ąī…†ī„ŗ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Žī„¸ī…„
ī„
ī„¸ī…‚ī„Ĩī„ĩī…ƒī„ŗī„ļ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„¸ī…‚ī„Ĩī„ĩī…ƒī„ŗī„ļ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„“ī„ē
ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„” ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ŗī„žī„Ŧī…†ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„›ī„ĩī…‚ī„— 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…Šī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ēī…œī„Ŧ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī…ƒī„Ēī„•ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ŗī„Žī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ - ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‚ī„ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„“ī…žī„› ī„•ī„Ąī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…„
ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ 2: ī„Ąī…žī„Ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„Žī…‚
ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„ĸī„ļī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…„, ī„¸ī…‚ī„Ĩī„ĩī…ƒī„ŗī„ļ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī„° ī„“ī…œī„Žī…‡ ī„‘ī„Žī…‚ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…ƒī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰. ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ģ ī„‘ī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…‚ī„ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„›ī…‚ī„ŗī…‡ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ēī…œī„Ŧ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„ēī…„ī„ŗī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„
ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ 3: ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī„¸ī…‚ī„ŋī…‚ ī„ēī…‰ī…žī„Ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
ī„Žī„¸ī…ˆ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…‹ī„ĸī…‰ī„›ī„Ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī…ƒī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī„žī„Ŧī…†ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Š ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ąī„ ī…‚ ī„ļī…Šī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Ēī„•ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„
ī„ļī„ī„žī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ąī…œī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„ēī…ƒī„¸ī…œī„ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī…‡ī„Ļī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰.
ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ 4:ī„ŗī…œī…ƒī„žī„ļ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī„¯ī„ģī……ī…œī„ ī„Šī…‚
ī„šī„œī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…„, ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„˛ī…‹ī„ĸī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…žī„¯ī…ƒī„ŋī„’ī„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ąī……ī…ƒī„Žī„’ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„Ŧī…„
ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¨ī…ƒī„ģī„Š ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ĩī…‹ī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› "ī„ŗī…œī…ƒī„žī„ļ" ī„ļī…žī„˛ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„ĸī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰.
ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ 5:ī…ƒī„ĩī„›ī„¸ī„ĩī…„
ī„’ī„œī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī…ƒī„¸ī„‘ī„›ī„Ēī…„ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„ąī„ģī„Ēī„ĩ ī„ģī„ļ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Žī…‚ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¨ī…‹ī„’-ī„¨ī……ī„’ī„” ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ēī…‡ī„ž ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„›ī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„œī…‹ī„ĸ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ģ ī„Žī„¸ī…„ī„Žī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„, ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĸī„Žī„ŗ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ēī…„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ąī…‚ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…žī„¨ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„, ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī……ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰!
ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„¸ī…žī„œī„ĩī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
ī…ƒī„ģī„›ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļī…žī„œī„Š ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„›:
1. ī„“ī„ģ ī„’ī„šī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„´ī„Ģī…‚ī„ĩī„Ģī„¸ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī…ƒī„ļī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
o ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„ēī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„ģī„ŗī…‡ī„šī…‚ ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„ĸī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ī„ĩī…‚ī„¸ī„Ĩ
ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„” ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
2. ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ēī„ąī„Ŧī…„ī„ļī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰.
o ī„“ī„ģ ī„ŗī…‚ī„§ī„ļ ī„•ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž
ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„“ī„ģ ī„¸ī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„Ēī…‚ī„žī…„ ī„Ēī…‚ī„›ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī……ī„ŋ ī„ ī…‚ī„ļī…† ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
20
Easy2Siksha
ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī„ŗī„ģī…žī„Ēī„¸ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„ģī…‰
ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Šī…‚ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„ēī…œī…ƒī„œī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‰; ī„“ī„ģ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ŧī…žī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›
ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„, ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„
ī„ēī…†ī„Ŗī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„Ļī…‹ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ĩī„›ī„¸ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž ī„ŗī…ī„›ī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
5. ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ē 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī…ƒī„Ēī…Ĩī„Ē ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„ļī„œī…‹îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ: ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ē: ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„, ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ ī…‹ī„Šī…‚ī„
ī„“ī„› ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ī…žī„ļ ī„ģī…‰ ī„“ī„›ī„Žī…‚ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„­ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ , ī„ĸī…ī„Ž ī„ŗī…‡ī„Žī…‚ī„ĩī„§ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī„› ī„ąī……ī…žī„­ī…„ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„
ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„•ī„ē ī„Žī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī…ƒī„ēī„’ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„ĩī„šī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„ļī„ ī„ēī„¯ ī„Ŧī…‡ī…ƒī„œī„’îĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī…ƒī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚,
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…†ī„” ī„œī„žī…‚ī„Žī…‡ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„, ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ē ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī„ļī„¯ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī„Šī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡
ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ "ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ē" ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‡ ī„Ŧī…žī…ƒī„ēī„’ ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī…œī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ąī„ĸī…‚ī„— ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļ (ī„’ī„ēī…‚ī„Žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¯ī„ģī……ī…œī„ ī„´ī…‹ī„) ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ĸ
ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„Ēī…œī„Ž ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‡ī„š ī„ēī„Ž:
1. ī„ĩī…‹ī„žī…‚ī„Žī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩī…„:ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„˛ī…‹ī„ĸī„Ž, ī„›ī…žī„¯ī„ŋī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ĩī…‹ī„žī…‚ī„Žī…‚ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋī…‚ī„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ
2. ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī…œī„ąī„ļ:ī„˜ī„ŗī„ĩī„ĸī…Šī„ēī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„ ī…‚ī„Žī„› ī„œī„ĩī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ ī„Ē ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„îĨĄ
3. ī„œī„žī…‚ī„Žī…‚ ī„ēī…œī„Ŧī…†ī„›:ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„˛ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„œ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ļī„ī…‚ī„“ī„’.
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī…œī„Žī„Šī…‚ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„’ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī…ƒī„›ī…œī„Žī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„ŗ
ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī…œī„Žī…‚ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ
ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž?
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī…ƒī„Ēī…œī„Ž ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„›ī„ĩī„›ī…‡ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ (ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī„ģī……ī…œī„ ī„´ī…‹ī„ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š) ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī„ēī…œī„Ŧ
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„ŗī„Žī…‹ī„ĩī„Ģ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚:
1. ī„ļī…‰ī„Š-ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī„Žī…‹ī„ĩī„Ģ:
ī„”ī„ŗī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹, ī„“ī„›ī„Žī…‹ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī…‡ī„›ī„ĩîĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„ąī…‡ī„›ī„ĩī…„ ī„ļī„” ī„’ī„Ĩī…‚, ī„œī…œī„§ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„˜ī„ŗī…‚ ī…ƒī„›ī„ĩī…‚ī„“ī„’, ī„›ī…‚ī…ƒī„ŗī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„¯ī„´ī…‹ī„ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ąī…žī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„˛ī……ī„ī„Ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„¸ī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī…‹ī„žī…‚ī„Žī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī„ļī„”, ī„˜ī„ŗī…‚ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„¯ī„ĩī„ē ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„œī…‚ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ
ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
o ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ĩī…Ĩī…‚ī„ī„ĸī…‰ī„›ī„šī„Ž ī„ŗī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ī„¸ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰: ī„ĩī…‹ī„žī…‚ī„Žī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„ļī„” ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Šī…‚îĨĄ
21
Easy2Siksha
2. ī„ēī…‚ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„Žī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‡ī„š:
ī„ģī……ī„Š, ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„ŗ, ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī…‹îĨĄ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Šī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„Ŧī„Ž ī„ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ą ī„ŗī…ī„ēī„ŗ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„•ī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„
ī…€ī„ēī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ą ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„”, ī„ļī…„ī„‘ī„ŗ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‡ ī„•ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī……ī„šī„›ī„ļ
ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„žī„ĩī…†ī„ĩī„Ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰.
o ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī…‚ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„Žī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‡ī„š ī„ģī…‰: ī„˜ī„ŗī„ĩī„ĸī…Šī„ēī…„ ī„ļī„” ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚îĨĄ
3. ī„‘ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ī„žī…‚ ī„ļī„ī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‚ ī„ŗī„Žī…‹ī„ĩī„Ģ:
ī„‘ī…œī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„ēī…‹ī„°ī…„ī„’ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī…‹, ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„šī„›. ī„•ī„ģ ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„
ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ī„§ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī…ƒī„ąī„ģī„Ēī„ĩ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„˛ī……ī„ī„Ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ
ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„ĩī„Ĩī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ąī„ ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„Žī„›ī„Ŧ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
o ī„“ī„ģ ī„‘ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ī„žī…‚ ī„ļī„ī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‚ ī„ŗī„Žī…‹ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„ģī…‰: ī„“ī„ģ ī„°ī…‰ī„ēī„ļī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„’ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡
ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„ŗī„ģī…žī„Ēī„¸ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‡ī…ƒī„œī„’: ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ ī……ī…œī„ąī„› ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„ĸī…‚ī„
ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„œī…žī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„“ī„ē ī…ƒī„ĩī„šī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„:
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„•ī…žī„ ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„¯ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ī„— ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģ
ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ĸī…‚ī„— ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„°ī„ŋī„Ž ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž. ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ŗī„ĩī„Žī…‡ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¯ī…‚ī„ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‡ ī„¯ī…‚ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī„” ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģîĨĄ
ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ļ:ī„“ī…žī„› ī„•ī„Ēī„ēī……ī„› ī„ēī„ŗī…žī…ƒī„ēī„’
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ļ ī„Žī…‚ī„ŗī„› ī„“ī…žī„› ī„‘ī„ĸī…„ī„ą ī„ēī„ŗī…žī…ƒī„ēī„’ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„•ī„ē ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ
ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„“ī…œī„Žī…„ī„’ī„ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ģī…‹ī„Š ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„¸ī…„ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚îĨĄ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„Žī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģ ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ĸī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„Ēī…„ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„°ī…Ĩī…„ī„ž ī„›ī„ĩ
ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī…‹ī„› ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚
Economica ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Žī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī…œī„Ēī…ƒī„ĩī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„— ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…†ī„ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ
ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚îĨĄ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Žī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…„, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡
ī„Žī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Žī…‡ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„ŗī„ģī…žī„Ēī„¸ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī„Š ī„ī…žī„ļ ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„“ī„šī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚: ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Žī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚
ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚, ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„ĸī…‡ ī„¸ī…„ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„˛ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„‘ī„ēī„ļ ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ē
1. ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī„•ī„Ąī…‚ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž:
ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„¸ī„­ ī„ĩī„ģī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī„žī„Ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„’ī„šī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
22
Easy2Siksha
2. ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž:
ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„§ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„°ī„ŋ ī„ļī…Šī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„
ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„ī…Ĩī…‚ī…ƒī…€ī…œī„ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„Ģī„–ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ī…Ĩī…‚ī„° ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩī…†ī„¯ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„Ŧī„œī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
â€ĸ ī„ļī…œī„ąī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„­ī……ī„ĩī…‡ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ļī…‡ī„Ĩī„¸ī…ˆ ī„­ī……ī„ĩī…‡ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚îĨĄ
ī„›ī„ĩī„¸ ī„ģī…‡ī„Ļī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„¨ī„ļī…‚ī„Š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ŧī„ĩī„ēī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„žī„Ĩī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š
ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ēī„ąī„›
1. ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Šī…‚:
ī„›ī…„ī„Žī„ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„Ģī„–ī„ĩī…„ ī„ēī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„œī„Š ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„‘ī…ƒī„Žī„šī…ƒī„ ī„Ē ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ž ī„œī„ĩī„ 
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ĸī…‚ī„— ī„ąī„ ī„Ē ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
2. ī„ī…‚ī„”ī…ƒī„§ī…œī„ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„:
ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„“ī„ē ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„“ī„ģ ī„°ī…‰ī„ēī„ļī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī„Ŧī…Œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ļ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„Žī…ƒī„ĸī…žī„Ļī„Šī…‚:
ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„ąī…‚ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…žī„¨ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„ŗī…‚ī„Ēī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„Ēī…„ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī„ģ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‡
ī„ĩī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„Ēī„ŗī„› ī„ģī…žī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„Ĩī…‚
ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„“ī„ē ī„ī…žī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī„Ŧī…žī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋī…‚ī„, ī„§ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚
ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„’ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Žī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī…žī„œī„ĩī…‚ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„ļ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ĸī…„ī„ģī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗ ī„›ī…‡,
ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī……ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…† ī„¨ī…œī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„ ī……ī„ēī„Ē ī„°ī…‰ī„ēī„ļī…‡ ī„ļī…‰ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ ī…‹ī„Šī…‚ī„, ī„ĩī„Šī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„“ī…žī„Ąī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī…œī„Ēī„ĩ ī„Žī…‚ī„  ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
6. 'ī„ąī…Šī„›' ī„šī„ąī„Ŧ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„šī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„™îĨĄ ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…ƒī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī…‚ī„™îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ: ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Šī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī„ĸī„Šī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…†: ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ŗī„žī…‡ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ī…žī„ļ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ŗī„Žī…„ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„­ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī…‡ī„š ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī„ŗ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„ŧī„žī…‚ī„Žī…‡ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ēī„Ž, ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„ēī…‹ī„Žī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„ēī…žī…ƒī„›ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ĸī…‚ī„—, ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ĸ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī……ī„¯ī…ƒī„Žī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī…ƒī„ŗī„ģī„Žī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„” ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„îĨĄ
23
Easy2Siksha
ī„ŗī„Žī…„ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˛ī„ĩī…‹ī„ēī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„‘ī„Ē ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„’, ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Š 'ī„Ēī…‡
ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī„ĩī„žī…‡ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‡, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…Œ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„˛ī……ī„ī„Ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„›ī…‡ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī„Š ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ
ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„îĨĄ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„‘ī„ēī„ļ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…† ī„›ī…„ ī„ēī…„? ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī„ĸī„Šī…‚ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…„—ī„“ī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī…ƒī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ ī„“ī…œī„Žī…„
ī…ƒī„Ŧī„ļī„ ī„ēī„¯ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī„ģ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī„ēī…†ī„ē ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī„Ēī„ļī…„ ī„ģī„¸ī…‚ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„’ī„™ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Š ī„ļī„”
ī„“ī„ē ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…†ī„” ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„§ī……ī„ąī„›ī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„— ī…ƒī„› ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„›ī…„ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„ģ ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„›ī…„ ī„ģī…‰?
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ĸī„Žī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„¸ī…„ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„›ī„ĩī„žī…‡ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„Ŧī…‚ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī„›ī„” ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¯ī…‡ī„šī„›ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„Ĩī…Ĩī…‚ī„ī„ēī„°ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…„ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„’
ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚îĨĄ ī„ļī…‚ī„žī„ŗī…„ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡, ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¯ī……ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„ĸī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚
(ī„ąī„ ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‡) ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ (ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‰ī„Š ī„¸ī…‚ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„) ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¯ī……ī„ļ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„šī…‚ī„ŗī„ļ ī„ģī„Ž:
1. ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„¸ī…„ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚: ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„§ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ąī…žī„ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„‘ī„Ē ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Šī…‚îĨĄ
2. ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡: ī„žī„ĩ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š, ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…† ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„ēī…žī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„ģī…‚ī„ēī„ļ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„›ī„ĩī„žī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Šī…‚îĨĄ
3. ī„˛ī……ī„ī„Ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„ģī…†ī„ļī„Ē:ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ĩī…Ĩī…‚ī„ī„ēī„°ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ēī…‚ī„Žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„˛ī……ī„ī„Ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ
ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚îĨĄ
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‡ ī„¯ī…†ī„ļ ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī…‹îĨĄ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„ąī…žī„ ī„Ē ī„¯ī…†ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„“ī„ē ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„˜ī„ŗī„ĩī„ĸī…Šī„ēī…„ ī„ļī„” ī„ĩī…žī„œī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„ŗī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī…‰: ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī…†ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…‚ī„
ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ģī…„ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„Ēī…Œ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ĩī……ī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ - ī„•ī„ģ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž! ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ? ī„’ī„™ ī„˛ī…‡ī„Ē ī„œī…‹ī„ļī…§ī…„ī„—.
ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī„ĩī„ ī„Žī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…†ī„” ī„¯ī…Ĩī…ƒī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’
ī„ŗī„Žī…„ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī…‡ī„›ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī…ī„ą ī„Žī…‚ī„ŗī„› ī„ąī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ąī…ī„ą
ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„ąī…‡ī„›ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„•ī„ģ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„’ī…€ ī„ŗī„Žī…„ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ 10,000 ī„ēī…‹ī„Žī…‡
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„ēī…žī…ƒī„›ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„žī…‚ ī„ŗī…œī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ ī„Ŧī„ĩ ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ ī„›ī…„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ 1:ī…ƒī„§ī„¯ī…‚ī…ƒī„žī„Ĩ
ī„˜ī…ƒī„ļī„ē, ī„ąī…ī„ą ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ī…‚ī„ģī„›ī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„“ī…žī„›, ī„Žī…‡ ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„’ī…€ ī„ŗī„Žī…„ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„œī…‚ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  10,000 ī„ēī…‹ī„Žī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡
ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī„ĩī„¸ī…‚ī„— ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„‘ī„Ē ī„ģī…‰, ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„˜ī…ƒī„ļī„ē ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…„
ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„ģ ī„›ī„Ŧī…‡-ī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ī„”
ī„
ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…„ ī„›ī…žī„¨ ī„ļī…Šī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ 2:ī„›ī„ĩī„žī…‚
ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„ĸī…‚ī„Šī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„˜ī…ƒī„ļī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…‡ 10,000 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī…ƒī„›ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī……ī„ĩī…œī„Ē ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„¯ī„¸ī…‡ī„ī…„îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„”, ī„“ī„ģ
ī„˜ī…ƒī„ļī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„§ī„¯ī…‚ī…ƒī„žī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„ģī…žī„ēī…‚ (ī„’ī„™ ī„›ī…ƒī„ģ ī„ļī„™ 9,000 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡) ī„ąī…ī„ą ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī…‡ī„›ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī„”
ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„°ī…‰ī„ēī„ļī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ 3:ī„ąī…ī„ą ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Žī„¸ī…„
ī„
ī…ƒī„§ī„¯ī…‚ī…ƒī„žī„Ĩ
ī„ąī…ī„ą 9,000 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ ī„ļī…Šī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„œī…‚ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ģī……ī„Š, ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„‘ī„ĸī…‡ ī„¸ī…„
ī„˜ī…ƒī„ļī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī„ēī„ļ 10,000 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…‡ ī„œī…‚ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ŧī„ĩī„ĸ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ģī…„ ī„ąī…ī„ą ī„Ŧī…‡ 9,000 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ ī„•ī„ēī„Ŧī…‡ ī„œī…‚ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ 
24
Easy2Siksha
ī„Ŧī„ĩī„ĸ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„›ī…‚ī„ī„ž 'ī„Ēī…‡, ī„‘ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…‚ ī„ļī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ 19,000 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī„°
10,000 ī„˛ī…ī…ƒī„Ēī„› ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž!
ī„›ī„Ŧī„ŗ 4: ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Ŧī……ī„ģī„ĩī…‚ī„™
ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„ģī……ī„Š ī„ąī…ī„ą ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗ (8,100 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ ī„›ī„ģī…‹) ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„ģī…žī„ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„›
ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī„ļī…„, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„›ī…ī„°ī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī……ī„›ī…‚ī„Ž ī„œī…‹ī„ļī…§ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī„ļī…„ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„žī…‚ ī„¸ī…‚ī„¯ī„ē ī„ąī…Šī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„¸ī…‚
ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…ƒī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī……ī„ģī„ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„œī…‚ī…ƒī„Ēī„’ī„
ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„§ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„‘ī„ēī„ļ ī„˛ī…ī…ƒī„Ēī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‚ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī…‹ī„“ī„’ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰? ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ē
ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…† ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ŗī„› ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī„ŗ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„˛ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„
ī„¯ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ī„šī„Ēī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚îĨĄ ī„ŗī…œī„Ž ī„ļī„™ ī…ƒī„›
ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ē 10% ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī„Ēī„ļī„ą ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ąī…Šī„› ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…„ ī…ƒī„§ī„¯ī…‚ī…ƒī„žī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‚ 90% ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
10% ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„˜ī…ƒī„ļī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ 10,000 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī…ƒī„›ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗ ī„ļī„”:
o ī„ąī…Šī„› 1,000 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ (10%) ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
o ī„“ī„ģ ī„ąī…ī„ą ī„Žī…†ī…œ 9,000 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ (90%) ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ąī…ī„ą ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„žī…‚ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
o ī„ąī…Šī„› ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ 900 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ (10%) ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
o ī„“ī„ģ ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī„ļī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ 8,100 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ (90%) ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ģ ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„•ī„Ŧī…Œ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī„ĸī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī„ąī…Šī…ƒī„›ī…œī„ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„Šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ē ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚
ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ē ī„ēī…„ī„ŗī…‚ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„¯ī„ģī……ī…œī„  ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚îĨĄ
ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„°ī…‚ī„ĩī„ŗī…†ī„ļī…‚
ī…ƒī„ēī„ēī„Ĩī„ŗ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„” ī„ī„” ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ī„Šī„Žī…‚ ī„“ī„ē ī„°ī…‚ī„ĩī„ŗī…†ī„ļī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩī„›ī…‡ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰:
ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„”, ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…†ī„’ī„Ēī…„ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗ 10,000 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ē 10% (0.1) ī„ģī…‰:
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„”, 10,000 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī…ƒī„›ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„šī……ī„ĩī…†ī„’ī„Ēī…„ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗ ī„Ēī…Œ, ī„ąī…Šī…ƒī„›ī…œī„ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„Šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī…‚ ī„›ī…‡ 100,000 ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡
ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
25
Easy2Siksha
ī„“ī„ģ ī„ŗī…‚ī„“ī„Žī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰?
1. ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē: ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī„ĸī„Šī…‚ ī„ąī…ī„ą ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī…‡ī„›ī„ĩī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī„ļī…„ī„ž ī„›ī…ī„°ī…„ ī„šī…‚ī„¯ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„¸ī„­ī„Š, ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī……ī„ļī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„“ī„ĸī…‚ī„žī„Ē ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
2. ī„œī„¯ī„Ēī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„œī„ĩī„ :ī„ļī…‹ī„Ž ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„ĩ, ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē
ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ēī„ŗī……ī…žī„ ī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī„ ī…‡ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
3. ī„ī……ī„Šī„› ī„¯ī…Ĩī„˛ī…‚ī„¸: ī„ģī„ĩī…‡ī„› ī„›ī„ĩī„žī…‚ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„›ī„ĩī„žī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž,
ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĸī…‹ī„œī„ŗ
ī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…†ī„” ī„ģī…‰, ī„“ī„ģ ī„ĸī…‹ī„œī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī…„ ī„’ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
1. ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ:ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ
ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ī„›ī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„‘ī„ ī…‚ī„Žī„› ī„›ī„¨ī„¸ī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋī…„
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„˛ī…œī„§ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Žī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ī„ŠîĨĄ
2. ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”: ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„­ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ąī„Š ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„ēī„°ī„ļī„Ēī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„:ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„›ī„ĩī„žī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ŧī…‚ī„“ī„ī…„ ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī…‚ī„Ĩī…‡
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„ģī„ŗī„Šī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ĩī……ī…žī„Ĩ ī„¸ī…„ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ (ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„˛ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„ąī…Šī„›) ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī„ĸī„Š 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Žī…‡ī…ƒī„ŋī„™ī„ ī„Žī„žī„ĩ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„•ī„ģ ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ē ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī„ŗ ī„Ēī…‰ī„‘ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī…ƒī„› ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„™ī„¸ī„ĩī„ąī…‹ī„ĩī„§
ī„Žī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ŠîĨĄ
ī„´ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ŗī„žī…‡ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Žī„Ēī…‚
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ī……ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī„ĩī„ ī„Žī…‚ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī…‹. ī„šī……ī„ĩī…†ī„’ī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„§ī„¯ī…‚ī…ƒī„žī„Ĩ ī„ī……ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ģī…‹ī„ŋī…§ī…„ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…„ ī„ģī„¸ī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„§ī…‚ī„•ī„Š
ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī…ƒī„°ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…‡ ī„ī……ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„œī…žī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„œī…‚ī„” ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„ī……ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„’ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ēī…„ī…ƒī„ŗī„Ē ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„›ī…œī„Žī…‚ ī…ƒī„œī…žī„  ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ (ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ē)îĨĄ ī„ĸī…‡ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„œī…žī…ƒī„ ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„
ī„“ī„ģ ī„¯ī…ī„¯ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ (ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī…œī„›ī„Ĩ)
ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„Ĩī…‚: ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„
ī„ąī…Šī„› ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī……ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„ģī„Ž; ī„•ī„ģ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„“ī…œī„ĸī„Š ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„›ī…Ĩī…‰ī…ƒī„§ī„Ĩ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„
ī„¯ī…Ĩī…ƒī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚, ī„•ī„ģ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ī……ī„Šī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī……ī„¯ī…ƒī„Žī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…‚ī„¯ī„Ē
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„´ī…‹ī„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī„Š-ī„°ī……ī…žī„ļī„Š ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„›, ī„ĸī…‹ī„œī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ąī„ ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„“ī„ē ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…†ī„” ī„¯ī…Ĩī…ƒī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„­ī„’ī„Ž ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„ąī…œī…ƒī„­ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„žī„ĩī…†ī„ĩī„Ē ī„ģī…‰.
ī„‘ī„ī„ļī…„ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„ąī…Šī„› 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„›ī„ĩī…ƒī„žī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī……ī„Šī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„˜ī…ƒī„ļī„ē, ī„ąī…ī„ą
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„’ī…€ ī„ŗī„Žī…„ī…ƒī„¸ī„ļ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…†ī„” ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„´ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹â€”ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„”
ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļ ī„›ī…‡ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚!
26
Easy2Siksha
7. ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī…„ ī„˛ī…‚ī„¸ ī„ģī…‰? ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”-ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī…‹ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩ-
ī„’ī„° ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ąī…œī„­ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„°ī…ƒī„ļī„¯ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„´ī…‹ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī…„ ī„ ī„ĩī„ ī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ: ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„: ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī…žī„ī…‡ ī„›ī…„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰
ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…‡ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…‡ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī…‹ ī…ƒī„ĸī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Šī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ģī„ĩ
ī„˜ī„Ēī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‚ ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…žī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„°ī„ļ, ī„ēī„ąī„žī…„ī„’ī„, ī„›ī…žī„¯ī„ŋī…‡ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ēī…‚ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„’ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„˜ī„Ēī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„‘ī„ĸī…„ī„ą ī„¸ī…‚ī„¯ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰: ī„ēī…‡ī„ą, ī„‘ī…œī„ą ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…Œ ī„Ēī…žī„› ī…ƒī„› ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„’ī„ŗ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļī…Œ
ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī„Ž. ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‡ ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī„Š ī„ļī…žī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, "ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„ ī…‚ī„Žī„› ī„“ī…œī„Žī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„ģī…‹ ī„ī„”ī„’ī„?"
ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„“ī„ē ī„‘ī„ĸī…„ī„ą ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„’ī„™ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„“ī„ē ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„
ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„§ī…†ī…œī„žī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„§ī……ī„ąī„›ī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„—, ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„¸ī…‚ī„¯ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ļī…‚ī„š ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ
ī…ƒī„›ī„¸ī…ˆ ī„ĸī……ī„ŋī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„›ī…„ ī„ģī…‰?
ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„ī……ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„•ī…žī„§ ī„ĩī„ģī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī„Ēī„ļī„ą ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„
ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„›ī…‰ī„  ī„ģī…‰: ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ-ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ē ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„”,
ī„•ī„ģī…„ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗ ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Š ī„ļī„”:
â€ĸ ī…ƒī„¯ī„Ąī„ļī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„ļ, 100 ī„ĩī……ī„¯ī„— ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
10 ī„‘ī…œī„ą ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„“ī„ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ļ, 100 ī„ĩī……ī„¯ī„— ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī…€ 7 ī„‘ī…œī„ą ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ģ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„ģī…‰!
ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž (ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž?)
ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī…ƒī„ąī„Žī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„îĨĄ ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„¯ī…žī„Ąī…‡ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„Ŧī…‹ī„šī…„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„›ī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„
ī„ī„” ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ēī…‚ī„§ī…‡ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī„ģī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī„ļī„” ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
1. ī„ŗī…œī„-ī„¯ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” (ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¯ī…žī„Ąī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚)
ī„Ŧī…žī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ī„”ī„— ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„¸ī…‚ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„‘ī„ ī…‚ī„Žī„› ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„’ ī„ī„— ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„ĩī…‚ī„ĸī…‡ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī…‹ī„Žī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…žī„Ēī…‚ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ
ī„ģī……ī„Š ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„‘ī…œī„ą, ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…žī„¯ī„ŋī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„ąī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„Ŧī…ī„ŋī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„¯ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī„ĩī…‡ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ēī…‹
ī„ĩī…‚ī„Ē ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī„‘ī…œī„ą ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ąī„Šī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡îĨĄ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„ŗī…œī„ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„ēī…„ī„ŗī„Ē ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī„ĩī…‡ī„Ēī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„
ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī…œī„-ī…ƒī„œī…žī„ ī„Š ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ - ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…‚ī„ļī…Œ ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
2. ī„ļī…‚ī„ī„Ē-ī„¯ī……ī„š ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” (ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‚ī„ī„Ē ī„¸ī…žī„­)
ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„Ŧī„Ž ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‚ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ļī…žī„ī…‚ ī…ƒī„› ī„œī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ī„” ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„Ĩī…‡ ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī„›ī„Šī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„‘ī…œī„ąī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…„ī„’ī„
ī„°ī„ēī„ļī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ī…‚ī„•ī„Š 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī……ī„Š ī„œī„ĩī„ ī…‚ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ąī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„°ī„ļ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī„ĩī…‡ī„Ēī…‚ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ ī„›ī…‡ ī„ī…‚ī„ģī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ģ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…†
ī„œī„ĩī„ ī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ļī…‚ī„ī„Ē-ī„¯ī……ī„š ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ - ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„•ī„Ēī„¯ī…‚ī„Ŧī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ
ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī…žī„ ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
27
Easy2Siksha
3. ī…ƒī„ąī„ļī„Ĩ-ī„“ī„Ž ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” (ī„˛ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„•ī„ŗī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ī„)
ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī…œī„Žī„Šī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ēī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī„Šī„ī…„ī„’ī„îĨĄ ī„›ī…‚ī„ŗī…‡ ī„˛ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„œ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„
ī„ēī…œī„˛ī…‚ī…ƒī„¸ī„Ē ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī…‚ī„“ī„ŗ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„•ī„ĸī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„ąī„Ŧī„ļī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„
ī„•ī…žī„ ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„•ī„ĸī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ ī…žī„›ī„ĩ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ģī…‰: ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„•ī„ĸī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī…žī„ ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„ļī…‰ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī…žī„ ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„¸ī…„ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„•ī„ĸī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„
ī„¸ī…žī„ļ ī„ļī…‰ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ąī„ļī„Ĩ-ī„“ī„Ž ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„ģī…‰ - ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„•ī„ŗī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
4. ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ (ī…ƒī„ēī„ēī„Ĩī„ŗ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚)
ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĩī…‚ī„ĸī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„›ī…‡ ī„Ąī…‚ī„¯ī„Š ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ŗī……ī„°ī„Ē ī„¸ī…œī„§ī„Š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„°ī…‰ī„ēī„ļī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē
ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„žī……ī…œī„ŗī„Š ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ, ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Š ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‡ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
ī„“ī„ģ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ - ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¯ī…žī„Ąī…‚
ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ģī…‚ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„°ī…ƒī„ļī„¯ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„¸: ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”-ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī…‹ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„›ī„Žī…‰ī„›ī„šī„Ž
ī„ģī……ī„Š, ī„’ī„™, ī…ƒī„ŗī„ēī„Ĩī„ĩ ī…ƒī„°ī…ƒī„ļī„¯ī„ē, ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī……ī…žī„­ī…„ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„ąī„žī……ī„ĩī„ ī„´ī…‚ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Š-ī„¯ī„Ąī…‚ī„Š ī„›ī„ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„
ī„¯ī…ƒī„ģī„ļī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¯ī…œī„§ ī„’ī„“ī„’ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„•ī„ēī„Žī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„Ŧī„ļī„ ī„ēī„¯ ī„ ī…„ī„ž ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„:
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„•ī„ģ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž,
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„ģ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„•ī„ģ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž,
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ēī„°ī…„ī„Ēī…„ (ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„§ī…žī„ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„
ī„ģī„Ž)îĨĄ
ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī…‹ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„“ī„ģ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩ-ī„ąī…œī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„°ī…ƒī„ļī„¯ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„¸ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„Ŧī„œī…‚ī„“ī„’ ī…ƒī„ī„’ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„’ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‚ ī„ģī…‰:
â€ĸ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„žī„Ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„¸ī„­ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„‘ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…‚ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰?
ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī…ƒī„ŗī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„žī„Ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„¯ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī…‚ī„ŗī…‡ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„•ī„ģ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ĸī…‹ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”
ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„•ī„ļī„Ĩ, ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ŗī…œī„ ī„žī„Ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī…‚ī…ƒī„ŗī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ąī…‚ī„ī„Ĩī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž,
ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„°ī…ƒī„ļī„¯ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„¸ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„ļī…‹ī„ ī„Žī…‚
ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„°ī…ƒī„ļī„¯ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„¸ ī„ļī…‚ī„˛ī„Ŧī…‚ī„“ī„› ī„ēī…„, ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī„šī…‚ī„ēī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ąī…‚ī„‘ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„œī…‹ī„ĸ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„ĩī„šī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī„ŗī…‡ī„šī…‚
ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚îĨĄ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‚ī„ģī„ĩī„Š ī„ļī„”:
28
Easy2Siksha
â€ĸ 1970 ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ŧī„ģī…‚ī„›ī…‡ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ , ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„ēī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…‡ ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ēī„°ī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„˛ī„¸ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ — ī„•ī…žī„ 
ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„ēī„°ī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī…žī„  ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„•ī„ēī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„°ī…ƒī„ļī„¯ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„¸ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī…ƒī„›ī„’îĨĄ
ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī„˛ ī„´ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī„­ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„›ī…‚
ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ĩī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ī……ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ī„ ī„ēī„ŗī„Ŗī…‹îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī…‡ ī„Ēī……ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„ģī„¸ī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¯ī…œī„¯ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ (ī„ŗī…œī„-ī…ƒī„œī…žī„ ī„Š ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”), ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„¸ī…žī„§ī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī…‡ ī„ī……ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„ŗī…žī„ī„ĩī…„ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…„ ī„ģī…‰ (ī„ļī…‚ī„ī„Ē-ī„­ī…žī„›ī…‚ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”), ī„“ī„ģ ī„‘ī„ĸī…‡ ī„¸ī…„ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī…‡ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„•ī„ŗī…„ī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ī……ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ąī…‡ī„‘ī…œī„Ē ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ī…‚ (ī…ƒī„ąī„ļī„Ĩ-ī„“ī„Ž ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”), ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ģī„¸ī…‚ ī„ĸī…‹ī„ŋī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī„Šī„ī…‡îĨĄ
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ēī„Ĩī„ĩ ī…ƒī„°ī…ƒī„ļī„¯ī„ē ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…Ĩī„š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„´ī…‚ī„Ŧ ī„ĩī…žī„œī…‹: ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„¯ī…‚ī„ēī…‡ (ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”) ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ŧī…†ī„ĸī…‚ (ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī…‹ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„)
ī„‘ī„›ī„ēī„ĩ ī„ģī…‡ī„Ļī…‚ī„ ī„ ī„ļī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ - ī„¯ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ēī„ĩī„° ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„ąī…œī„Ŧī…† ī„Ēī…žī„›!
8. ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…‚ī„, ī„•ī„Ŧī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„­ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹îĨĄ
ī„ĸī„¸ī…‚ī„ą: ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„: ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī…œī„Ĩī„ĩī…‹ī„ļ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Ŧī…†!
ī„“ī„› ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ī…žī„ļ ī„ģī…‰, ī„“ī„› ī„˛ī…„ī„ŋ-ī„˛ī„ŋī…žī„›ī…‡ ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‡ ī„šī…ƒī„ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ , ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š, ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Š ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„
ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„ēī„ŧī„Ē ī…ƒī„ŗī„ģī„Žī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„ŽîĨĄ ī„ģī…‚ī„ļī…‚ī„ī…ƒī„›, ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„‘ī„ēī„Ē ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„,
ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī……ī„Ŗ ī„ ī……ī„Šī…ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ēī…‚ī„ģī„ŗī„Šī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī…ƒī„¯ī„’, ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„ĩī„ģī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„Ž
(ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”), ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ ī„ļī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī……ī„šī„›ī„ļ ī„’ ī„ĩī„ģī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›ī„•
ī„
ī…ƒī„› ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„”
ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋī…„
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„Ž (ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„)îĨĄ
ī„›ī„ēī„ąī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ēī„ŗī…žī…ƒī„ēī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„ąī…œī„­ī„Ž ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ēī„’ī„Šī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ēī…„îĨĄ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ 
ī„Ŧī…‚ī„œī„ļ ī„ģī…‹ī„¸ī…‹, ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„šī…‡ī„š ī„ēī…œī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„¸ī…‚ī„ģ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī…œī„Ēī…ƒī„ĩī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„šī„›ī„Ēī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ēī…Šī„Ĩī„ĩī„ļ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„“ī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„žī……ī…œī„ŗ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ģī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ (ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ
ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„¸ī„­ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰) ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ ī„ģī…„ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„žī…žī„Ĩ (ī„ĸī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ąī„Š ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰)îĨĄ ī„“ī„ē ī„¯ī…Ĩī…ƒī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„›ī„ģī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī……ī„¯ī„ĩī„ģī…„ī„ĩī…‹ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī…ƒī„ļī„Ē ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī…ƒī„ēī„ģī„Ēī„ŗī…œī„Ŧ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡, ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„§ī…‚ī„›ī„Ĩī„ĩ ī„¸ī…žī„œ-ī„¸ī…žī„œ ī…ƒī„ąī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„ēī„ģī…„ ī„Ŧī„¸ī…‚ī„” ī…ƒī„ļī„œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ ī„ļī…‹ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī…œī„Ēī„ĩī„Š
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„“ī„ē ī„ēī…œī„ēī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ĩī…„ī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„” ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„­ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ 
ī„§ī…†ī…œī„žī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„§ī……ī„ąī„›ī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„—îĨĄ
ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„›ī…„ ī„ģī…‰?
ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„•ī„ģ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…ƒī„›ī…ƒī„ĩī„’ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ŧī…‡ī„š ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› (ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„˛ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ē ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„’ī…€
ī„“ī…œī„§ī…„ī„’, ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…œī„´ī……ī„›ī„Ē ī„ĩī…‚ī„ĸ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„°ī…‰ī„§ī„ĩī„ļ ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸) ī„“ī…žī„› ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī…œī„Ēī…ƒī„ĩī„Ē
29
Easy2Siksha
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„Ĩī…„ī„ ī…‚ ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ēī……ī„ ī…‚ī„ĩī…† ī„¨ī…œī„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ ī…žī„ļī…‡îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„
ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„Žī…‚ ī„¸ī„­ī„Š (ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”) ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Š 'ī„Ēī…‡
ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‰ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž, ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī…ƒī„› ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„›ī…œī„Žī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚
ī„ģī…‰ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„ąī…œī„­ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Ēī„ĩī…„ī„›ī…‡ ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī„“ī„ē ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī…‹îĨĄ
ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…‹ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„ ī„ģī„Ž:
1. ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī…ƒī„Ēī…Ĩī„Ē ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„:ī„“ī„ģ ī„•ī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„”
ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰. ī„“ī„ģ ī„°ī„ļī…žī„§ ī„ī…‡ī„Ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„œī…‹ī„ļī…§ī„Š ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ
ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„¸ī„ģī…‚ī„‘ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ŗī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„¸ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ
ī„ēī…œī„žī„ĩī„š ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„•ī…žī„  ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
2. ī„ēī…œī„›ī……ī…ƒī„ ī„Ē ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„:ī„“ī„ģ ī„•ī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰. ī„“ī„ģ
ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī„ŋī…§ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ĩī…‹ī„›ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„Ĩī…†ī„Ĩī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī…œī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„•ī„Ŧī…Œ
ī„¸ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ēī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī„­ ī„ĩī„ģī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ąī„Š ī„ĩī„ģī…„ ī„ģī…‰,
ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¯ī…žī„Ąī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„ĩī„ģī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‡ī„š
ī„ģī……ī„Š, ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„Ĩī…„ī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‡ ī„ī…žī„ļ ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„—îĨĄ ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ēī……ī„¯ī„ĩī„ģī…„ī„ĩī…‹ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„ŗī„šī„Ž ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰,
ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„œī…‚ī„ē ī„•ī„Ŧī…‡ī„š ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž:
1. ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī…œī„Ĩī„ĩī…‹ī„ļ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚: ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī…„ ī„˛ī…‹ī„ĸī„Ž ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…žī„¯ī„ŋī…‡ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„
ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„ĩī…‹ī„ž ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„ŗī……ī„šī„›ī„ļ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„¸ī…‡ī„ī…‚, ī„œī…‚ī„ē ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ
'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„Žī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„ĸī…‹ ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ŗī…‚ī„” ī„Žī„ģī…„
ī„
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„œ ī„Ĩī…„ī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„”
ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ąī…† ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Šī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„•ī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…‡ī„¸ī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ
ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›
ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„ąī„ģī……ī„Ē ī…ƒī„žī„’ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„Žī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ī„¸ī…‡, ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī„ĩ ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„ļī„” ī„ēī„ēī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„—îĨĄ
2. ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚: ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„ēī„ģī„Ēī„ŗī…œī„Ŧ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī„•ī„ģ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ąī„ģī„Ēī„ĩ ī„ĸī…„ī„¸ī„Ž ī„¯ī…žī„­ī„ĩ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„Ŧī…‚ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī„›ī…‚ī„ē ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī…‡ī…ƒī„ĸī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ ī„›ī…‡
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž, ī„Žī„¸ī…„ī„Žī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„•ī„Š ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š ī„ļī„”
ī„›ī…‚ī…€ī…„ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚: ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„Ĩī…„ī„ ī…‚ ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ŗī„Ŧī„Ŧ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„
ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī…œī„Ēī…ƒī„ĩī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„›ī…‡, ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„‘ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…‚ ī„ŗī…‚ī„ģī…ī„ļ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī…‹ī…ƒī„šī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„ĸī…žī„Ģī…‡
ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī„­ ī„ēī„›ī„Š, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ŗī„Ēī„ļī„ą ī„ģī…‰ ī„ļī…‹ī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„Žī…ī„›ī„ĩī…„ī„’ī„îĨĄ
4. ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„Ēī…„ ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„” ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Šī…‚: ī„›ī„ļī„¯ī„Žī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī…‹ ī…ƒī„› ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ģī„ĩ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„“ī…žī„›ī…‹ ī„ēī„ŗī…ˆ ī„ąī…Šī„›
ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„›ī„¨ī„¸ī…‚ī„•ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī…‹ī…ƒī„šī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰â€”ī„“ī„ģ ī„ģī„°ī„ŋī…‚-ī„Ŧī„°ī„ŋī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ąī„Š ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰!
ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„Ēī…„ ī„ąī„žī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„” ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š, ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„Ŧī…ī„ŋī…‚ī„, ī„ēī„Ĩī…‚ī„› ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī…‰ī„š,
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„Ēī…„ ī„ēī„ŗī…žī…ƒī„ēī„’ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ ī…„ī„žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī…‹ī„›ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„›ī…œī„ŗ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
30
Easy2Siksha
5. ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚:ī„ģī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰ (ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„˛ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ē
ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī……ī…ƒī„¯ī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„ŗī„ĩī…„ī„›ī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„§ī…‚ī„ļī„ĩ)îĨĄ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„› ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Ŧī…‚
ī„ŗī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„ĩī„ģī…‡, ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„“ī„ē 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„˛ī„ĩī…‹ī„ēī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„ŽîĨĄ ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Ēī…‡ī„žī…„ ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī„ŗī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ī……ī„’
ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„› ī„ģī„°ī„ŋī…‚-ī„Ŧī„°ī„ŋī…„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ąī„Š ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„­ī„Ž
ī„ģī……ī„Š ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„‘ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ĩī…„ī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Šī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‚ī„, ī„’ī„™ ī„‘ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…‚ī„­ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ēī…‚ī„­ī„Žī…‚ī„ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Žī„žī„ĩ
ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī…„ī„— ī„ĸī…‹ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„Ŧī…‡ī„šī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…Ĩī…‚ī„¯ī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„´ī…œī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ēī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī……ī„¯ī„ĩī„ģī…„ī„ĩī…‹
ī„Ĩī…†ī„ļī…ƒī„›ī…žī„Ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī…Šī„Ĩī„ĩī„ļ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„Ĩī…†ī„ļī„ē ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī„ēī…‹ī„ ī…‹îĨĄ
1. ī„™ī„¯ī„Ž ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ ī„™ī„¯ī„ĩī…‡ī„šī„Ž (ī„™.ī„˜ī„ŗ.ī„™.)
ī„ēī„˛ ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¸ī…žī„­ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…‡ ī„ĸī…‚ī„Š ī„¸ī…‚ī„ļī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„­ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„ ī…Œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„™ī„¯ī„Ž ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ ī„™ī„¯ī„ĩī…‡ī„šī„Ž ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„‘ī…ƒī„ĸī„ģī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„›
ī„ąī…‚ī„žī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ī„§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” (ī…ƒī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„ļī„”) ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ī„§
ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ąī…‚ī„ī„§ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ąī…‚ī„ī„§ ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Š ī„¸ī…‚ī…ƒī„ļī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚
ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„¯ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” (ī„ēī…œī„›ī……ī„ ī„Ž ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„ļī„”) ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…‚ī„ī„§
ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ąī…‚ī„ī„§ ī„¸ī…‡ī„ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ļī…‹ī„› ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„ēī…œī„ēī„Ģī…‚ī„¸ī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„˛ī……ī„ī„Ēī…‚ī„Ž ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž,
ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…†ī„ļī…‡ī„šī„Ž ī„Ēī…Œ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ģī„Ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
2. ī„ĩī…‡ī„¯ī…‹ ī„ĩī…‡ī„Ĩ (ī„ŗī……ī„ŋ ī„œī„ĩī…„ī„Ŧ ī„Ŧī„ĩ)
ī„ĩī…‡ī„¯ī…‹ ī„ĩī…‡ī„Ĩ ī„•ī„ē ī„›ī…„ī„ŗī„Ē ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ĩī…‡ī„¯ī…‹ ī„ĩī…‡ī„Ĩ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ
ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‰ī„Šī…‚ ī„ēī„ēī„Ēī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„•ī„ģī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„¯ī„Ēī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„
ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„œī„ĩī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„Žī„¸ī…‡ī„š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ĩī…‡ī„¯ī…‹ ī„ĩī…‡ī„Ĩ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ
ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‰ī„Šī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ī„ĩ ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ ī„ģī…‹ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‰ī„Š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī…‚ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī„  ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„
ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
3. ī…ƒī„ĩī„¸ī„ĩī„ē ī„ĩī…‡ī„¯ī…‹ ī„ĩī…‡ī„Ĩ
ī…ƒī„ĩī„¸ī„ĩī„ē ī„ĩī…‡ī„¯ī…‹ ī„ĩī…‡ī„Ĩ ī„ĩī…‡ī„¯ī…‹ ī„ĩī…‡ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„•ī„ļī„Ĩ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„•ī„ģ ī„Ŧī„ĩ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‡
ī„ģī„ŽîĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ĩī„¸ī„ĩī„ē ī„ĩī…‰ī„¯ī…‹ ī„ĩī…‡ī„Ĩ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰,
ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī„¸ī…‚ī„­ī…† ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ēī…Šī„Ĩī„ĩī„ļ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„ļī„” ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ĸī…‹
ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…†ī„ļī…‡ī„šī„Ž ī„Ēī…Œ ī„ģī„Ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
31
Easy2Siksha
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī…ƒī„ĩī„¸ī„ĩī„ē ī„ĩī…‰ī„¯ī…‹ ī„ĩī…‡ī„Ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰,
ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„ļī„” ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„’ī„›ī„ĩī„šī„› ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰,
ī„“ī„ē ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„•ī„¯ī„ļī„ąī„­ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
4. ī„Žī„›ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ē (CRR)
ī„›ī…‰ī„š ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„ĩī…‡ī„šī…‹ (CRR) ī…ƒī„›ī„ēī…‡ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī……ī…žī„ļ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ī„šī„Ē ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī…‹ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„›ī…‹ī„ļ ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ
ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī…„ī„’ī„ĩī„’ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē
ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‹ī„ąī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„¯ī„Ēī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„“ī„ĸī…‚ī„žī„Ē ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„ēī…„ī„’ī„ĩī„’ī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„
ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„¸ī„ĸī…Œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„ŗī„žī„ąī…†ī„ĩ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„ēī„ŗī„ĩī…žī„Ģī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
5. ī…ƒī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„Žī„› ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ē (SLR)
ī„ēī„Ĩī…‰ī„ ī…†ī„Ĩī„ĩī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ē (SLR) CRR ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„ģī…‰, ī„¯ī„ĩ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ąī„ĸī…‚ī„—,
ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…„ ī„ĸī„ŗī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ĩī„›ī„ŗ ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„“ī…žī„› ī…ƒī„Žī„šī…ƒī„ ī„Ē ī„¯ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ī„šī„Ē ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļ ī„ēī…œī„¯ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…žī„œī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī…„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰,
ī…ƒī„ĸī„¸ī…ˆ ī…ƒī„› ī„ēī…‹ī„Žī…‚ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ēī„ĩī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„Ēī…„ī„˛ī…†ī„Ēī…„ī„’ī„îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ SLR ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ
ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„’ī„¯ī„Šī…‡ ī„°ī…œī„§ī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„­ī…‡ī„ĩī…‡ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„“ī„ĸī…‚ī„žī„Ē ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•ī„Šī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ SLR ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī…ƒī„ĸī„ē ī„Žī…‚ī„ļ
ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī„Ž ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ēī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī…„ī„ŗī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„—îĨĄ
6. ī„Ąī…†ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī„ĩ
ī„Ąī…†ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī„ĩ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„¸ī„ēī…†ī„ļī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī„’ī„ĸ ī„Ŧī„ĩ ī„ģī…‰ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„“ī„ģ ī„¸ī„¯ī…‚ī„ĩī„› ī„ąī…Šī„›ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī…ƒī„Ŧī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰,
ī„’ī„ŗ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ąī…‹ī„Ĩī…„ ī…ƒī„ŗī„’ī„Ŧ ī„Ŧī…„ī„’ī„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋī…‚ī„ ī„ļī„”îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‰ī„Š ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„œī„ĩī…ƒī„ ī„’ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„•ī„Ēī„šī…‚ī…ƒī„ģī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ ī„Ąī…†ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī„ĩ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
ī„žī„Ĩī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
â€ĸ ī„ĸī„Ŧī…Œ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„•ī„­ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„ļī…‰ī„Š ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„ĩī…‚ī„š ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī„Žī…‚ ī„ ī…‚ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„Ēī…‚ī„ ī„“ī„ģ
ī„Ąī…†ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ŧī„ĩ ī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī…ƒī„ēī…žī„Ĩī…‚: ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī„˜ī„›ī„Ĩ
ī„ŗī……ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ ī„Žī…„ī„Ēī…„ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Žī…‚ī„žī……ī„› ī„ēī…œī„Ēī……ī„ļī„Ž ī„›ī…‚ī„ĩī„ĸ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„ĸī…žī„Ģī…‡ ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„“ī…žī„› ī„ąī……ī…žī„­ī…„ī„ŗī…‚ī„Ž ī„Žī…‡ī„Ēī…‚ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„˛ī…†ī…ƒī„ŗī„›ī…‚
ī…ƒī„Žī„˛ī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‡ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ēī„¯ī„ļī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī…œī„Ēī…ƒī„ĩī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„›ī…‡, ī„“ī„ģ ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„ąī„Šī…‚ī„•
ī„
ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ ī…ƒī„›
ī„ŗī…ƒī„ģī…œī„ī…‚ī„” ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī…‚ī„ąī…† ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„ĩī…žī…ƒī„œī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰, ī„’ī„ĩī…ƒī„Ģī„›ī„Ēī…‚ ī„ļī„ī…‚ī„Ēī…‚ī„ĩ ī„¸ī„­ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„ąī…‡ī„ĩī……ī„žī„ī…‚ī„ĩī…„ ī„žī…žī„Ĩ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡
ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„Ēī…„ ī„¯ī…Ĩī„Šī…‚ī„ļī…„ ī„ēī…ƒī„Ģī„ĩ ī„ĩī…ƒī„ģī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„™ī„¯ī„Ž ī„ŗī…‚ī„ĩī„›ī…„ī„Ĩ ī„ēī…œī„ ī…‚ī„ļī„Ž, ī„ĩī…‡ī„¯ī…‹ ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī…ƒī„ĩī„¸ī„ĩī„ē ī„ĩī…‰ī„¯ī…‹ ī„Ŧī„ĩī…‚ī„, ī„Žī„›ī„Ŧ ī…ƒī„ĩī„žī„ĩī„¸ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ē, ī…ƒī„¸ī„­ī…‚ī„Žī„› ī„Ēī„ĩī„ļī„Ēī…‚ ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„¯ī…‚ī„Ē,
ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„Ąī…†ī„Ĩ ī„Ŧī„ĩ ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‡ ī„ēī…‚ī„­ī„Žī…‚ī„ ī„Ŧī…„ ī„¸ī„ĩī„Ēī…Œ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ŧī…‡ ī„ģī…‹ī„—, ī„›ī…ˆī„Ŧī„ĩī…„ ī„ąī…Šī„› ī„‘ī„ĩī„Ģī…ƒī„¸ī„¸ī„ēī„Ģī…‚ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī…ƒī„›ī…œī„Žī…‚ ī„¯ī…‰ī„ēī…‚ ī„•ī„¯ī„ļī„ąī„­ ī„ģī…‰ ī„Žī…†ī…œ
32
Easy2Siksha
ī„‘ī„Žī……ī„›ī…†ī„ļ ī„›ī„ĩ ī„ēī„›ī„Ŧī…‚ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„“ī„ģ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„Žī„Ŧī…„ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¯ī…‚ī„Šī…„ ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„¸ī„ģī…‚ī„‘ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī…ƒī„Žī„´ī…œī„Ēī…ƒī„ĩī„Ē ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…‡ ī„´ī…‹ī„ ī„ģī…‹ī„Š ī„¸ī„ĩī„ī…‚ ī„ģī…‰ -
ī„›ī„” ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ēī……ī„Ēī…œī„Ēī„ĩ ī„ĩī…†ī„¯ ī…ƒī„¸ī…žī„  ī„¸ī…ƒī„ģī„Š ī„Ŧī…‡ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„°ī„ļī…žī„§ ī„ī…‡ī„Ĩī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„œī…‹ī„ļī…§ī„Š ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰, ī„‘ī„Ēī…‡ ī„›ī„”
ī„¸ī…‚ī„ĩ, ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī„ŋī…§ī…‚ī„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ĩī…‹ī„›ī„Š ī„ļī„” ī„“ī„ēī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…ī„ļī…„ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„ļī…‹ī„ŋ ī„ģī……ī…œī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ
ī„Žī…‹ī„Ĩ: ī„“ī„ģ ī„•ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ ī„¯ī…žī„Ēī„ĩ ī„¯ī…†ī„ĩī…„ ī„Ēī„ĩī…§ī…‚ī„ Ai ī„Ŧī……ī„’ī„ĩī…‚ ī„ģī…žī„ļ ī„›ī…„ī„Ēī…‚ ī…ƒī„ī„’ ī„ģī…‰ (ī„’ī„ĩī„Ĩī…„ī„°ī…„ī„šī…„ī„‘ī„ļ ī„“ī…œī„Ĩī…‰ī„ļī…„ī„ĸī…Šī„ē) ī„“ī„ē ī„ļī„” ī„ĸī…‡ī„›ī„ĩ ī„Ēī……ī„ģī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„›ī…‹ī„” ī„ī„ļī„Ēī…„ ī„ĸī…‚ī„
ī„ī„ļī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„ŗī„ļī„Ŧī…„ ī„ģī…‰îĨĄ ī„ēī…‚ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„“ī…žī„› ī„°ī…„ī„§ī„ąī…‰ī„› ī„ēī„ąī…œī„­ī„Ē ī„ī„ļī„Ēī…„ ī…ƒī„Ŧī„™, ī„‘ī„ēī…„
ī„
ī„´ī„›ī…„ī„Žī…„ ī„Ēī…ī„ĩ 'ī„Ēī…‡ ī„“ī„ē ī„ēī„ŗī…žī…ƒī„ēī„’ ī„ĸī…‚ī„ ī„ī„ļī„Ēī…„ ī„Žī…†ī…œ ī„ģī…žī„ļ ī„›ī„ĩī„Ž ī„Ŧī…„ ī„›ī…‹ī…ƒī„šī„š ī„›ī„ĩī…‚ī„ī„ī…‡îĨĄ